Antibacterial effect of coconut water and coconut oil on Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans

Abstract

Background and Aim:The antibacterial effects of coconut products have been extensively studied in the recent years. Due to the high prevalence of periodontal disease and the role of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (A. actinomycetemcomitans) in periodontitis, antimicrobial agents can be effective in controlling this condition. This study aimed to evaluate and compare the antimicrobial effects of coconut water and coconut oil on A. actinomycetemcomitans. Materials and Methods: Coconut water was extracted by cracking a coconut, and coconut oil was extracted by an oil-pressing machine by the cold pressing method at -50 C. The disc diffusion test was carried out on 4 plates containing coconut oil, coconut water, positive control, and negative control to measure the diameter of growth inhibition zone. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) were determined. All tests were repeated 3 times. Results: Coconut oil in 100% concentration showed no antibacterial effect on A. actinomycetemcomitans in the disc diffusion test. Thus, the MBC and MIC were not determined for the coconut oil. Coconut water demonstrated a bactericidal effect with 11, 9, and 0 mm growth inhibition zone diameter on 3 consecutive repetitions. According to independent t-test, a significant difference existed between the diameter of growth inhibition zone caused by coconut oil and positive control (P= 0.001). Conclusion: Coconut oil showed no antibacterial effect on A. actinomycetemcomitans, and the antibacterial effect of coconut water on A. actinomycetemcomitans was very weak.

Evaluation of the antibacterial activity of cinnamon essential oil and its individual compounds on Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans isolated from black extrinsic tooth stain: an in vitro study

“…The inhibition of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans biofilm formation by cinnamon essential oil, eugenol, cinnamaldehyde and α-methyl cinnamaldehyde at their sub-minimum inhibitory concentrations ranged from 5.3% to 37.4%. These findings are superior to other studies on the effect of coconut oil against Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (Baharvand et al 2021 ), Actinomyces sp. (Lavine et al 2018 ) and Prevotella sp.…”

“…Therefore, there is a need to search new natural bioactive compound that should demonstrate broad approach of action targeting effectively both free- and biofilm-mode of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans cells. In the literature, the antibacterial effect of Hypericum perforatum (Arpag et al 2020 ) essential oil and coconut oil (Baharvand et al 2021 ) on Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans was reported. The antibacterial activity of cinnamon essential oil against Staphylococcus aureus , Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa was also investigated (El Atki et al 2019 ).…”

Phytochemicals and antimicrobial activity of coconut water (Cocos nucifera) on microbial pathogens

“…The coconut water exerted significant antimicrobial effect on the test isolates at a concentration of 60mg/ml in our study as compared with previous work done by [28] which observed inhibition at 100% concentration. The inhibition efficacy of coconut water can be attributed to the presence of phytochemicals, such as saponins, cardiac glycosides, and This is in line with the report of [29] that fermented tender coconut water has an antimicrobial effect on E. coli and the report of [30] that tender coconut water exhibited an antimicrobial effect on S. aureus, E. coli, B. cereus, and P. mirabilis.…”