Antibacterial effect and shear bond strength of an orthodontic adhesive cement containing Galla chinensis extract

Abstract

, a naturally-derived agent, has a significant inhibitory effect on cariogenic bacteria. The present study aims to evaluate the antibacterial effect and shear bond strength of an orthodontic adhesive cement containing GCE. A resin-modified glass ionomer cement incorporated GCE at five mass fractions (0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.4, and 0.8%) to prepare GCE-containing cement for analysis. For the agar diffusion test, cement specimens were placed on agar disk inoculated with Streptococcus mutans (strain ATCC 25175). Following 48 h incubation, the inhibition halo diameter was measured. To assess bacteria colonization susceptibility, S. mutans adhesion to cement specimens was detected by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) following 48 h incubation. To evaluate bond strength, a total of 50 metal brackets were bonded on premolar surfaces by using cement (10 teeth/group). Following immersion in an artificial saliva for 3 days, shear bond strength (SBS) was measured. The results demonstrated that GCE-containing samples exhibited a larger bacterial inhibition halo than control, and the inhibition zone increased as the GCE mass fraction increased. SEM analysis demonstrated that S. mutans presented a weaker adherent capacity to all GCE-containing cements compared with control, but the difference between each GCE-containing group was not significant. SBS values of each GCE-containing group exhibited no difference compared with the control. In conclusion, GCE-containing adhesive cement exhibits a promising inhibitory effect on S. mutans growth and adhesion. Without compromising bond strength, adding GCE in adhesive cement may be an attractive option for preventing white spot lesions during orthodontic treatment.

Antibacterial Activity and Bonding Ability of an Orthodontic Adhesive Containing the Antibacterial Monomer 2-Methacryloxylethyl Hexadecyl Methyl Ammonium Bromide

“… 17 reported bacterial accumulation within 10-μm wide gaps at the adhesive-enamel junction around the bracket base. Therefore, adhesives with antimicrobial properties or microbial repellent actions are desirable 6 18 19 20 .…”

White spot lesions in patients with orthodontic treatment. Literature review.

“…Una reciente estrategia para el control de las LMB es la incorporación de agentes antibacterianos a los cementos para la adhesión de brackets, como el óxido de zinc (53), nanopartículas de plata (54), cloruro de benzalconio (55,56), cloruro de cetilpiridinio (57), cloruro de trimetilamonio (58), nanopartículas de óxido de titanio (59), nanopartículas de óxido de cobre (60), asociación de nanopartículas de plata e hidroxiapatita (61), nanorellenos de sílica y nanopartículas de plata (62), nanopartículas de cúrcuma (63) y extracto de Galla Chinensis (64). Lo interesante de estas propuestas es que parecen no…”

Evaluation of flexural strength and antibacterial effect of orthodontic acrylic resins containing Galla chinensis extract

“…Use of various antibacterial materials in the fabrication of orthodontic appliances and adhesive resins is a new area for investigation in orthodontics. 8 , 9 New antibacterial agents might be effective in preventing demineralization of enamel through inhibition of colonization and proliferation of cariogenic bacteria, since they are the primary etiologic agents for the development of white spot lesions. 7 , 10 , 11 …”

“… 18 In addition as a positive character, another study did not show any change in the bond strength of adhesive cements containing GCE. 9 Apart from bacterial activity, the mechanical properties of acrylic resins are equally important; in this context, flexural strength (Fs) is one of the important physical properties that should be evaluated, especially in acrylic appliances. A standard minimum limit has been defined for the flexural strength of acrylic resin types by ISO 20795-1 (2008) for dental base polymers.…”