Antibacterial constituents of Eremophila alternifolia: An Australian aboriginal traditional medicinal plant

Biva, Israt Jahan; Ndi, Chi P.; Griesser, Hans J.; Semple, Susan J.

doi:10.1016/j.jep.2016.02.011

Cited by 22 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…In the new research findings, additional evidence has been presented in support of each of the mechanisms. The antimicrobial potential of two bioflavonoids was evaluated by scanning electron microscopy (Biva, Ndi, Griesser, & Semple, ) against B . subtilis , S .…”

Section: Mechanism Of Antibacterial Activitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Antibacterial activity of flavonoids and their structure–activity relationship: An update review

Farhadi

Khameneh

Iranshahi

et al. 2018

Phytotherapy Research

453

305

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Based on World Health Organization reports, resistance of bacteria to well-known antibiotics is a major global health challenge now and in the future. Different strategies have been proposed to tackle this problem including inhibition of multidrug resistance pumps and biofilm formation in bacteria and development of new antibiotics with novel mechanism of action. Flavonoids are a large class of natural compounds, have been extensively studied for their antibacterial activity, and more than 150 articles have been published on this topic since 2005. Over the past decade, some promising results were obtained with the antibacterial activity of flavonoids. In some cases, flavonoids (especially chalcones) showed up to sixfold stronger antibacterial activities than standard drugs in the market. Some synthetic derivatives of flavonoids also exhibited remarkable antibacterial activities with 20-to 80-fold more potent activity than the standard drug against multidrug-resistant Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria (including Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Staphylococcus aureus). This review summarizes the ever changing information on antibacterial activity of flavonoids since 2005, with a special focus on the structure-activity relationship and mechanisms of actions of this broad class of natural compounds.

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Section: Mechanism Of Antibacterial Activitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Antibacterial activity of flavonoids and their structure–activity relationship: An update review

Farhadi

Khameneh

Iranshahi

et al. 2018

Phytotherapy Research

453

305

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Australia offers one of the most unique and diverse ecosystems, and chemical investigations of native specimens have allowed the isolation and discovery of numerous novel and unique natural compounds from terrestrial or marine environments [23,24]. Some recently discovered natural product scaffolds exhibit antiparasitic, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory and/or anti-cancer activity [25][26][27][28].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Natural Compounds from the Marine Brown Alga Caulocystis cephalornithos with Potent In Vitro-Activity against the Parasitic Nematode Haemonchus contortus

et al. 2020

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Eight secondary metabolites (1 to 8) were isolated from a marine sponge, a marine alga and three terrestrial plants collected in Australia and subsequently chemically characterised. Here, these natural product-derived compounds were screened for in vitro-anthelmintic activity against the larvae and adult stages of Haemonchus contortus (barber’s pole worm)—a highly pathogenic parasitic nematode of ruminants. Using an optimised, whole-organism screening system, compounds were tested on exsheathed third-stage larvae (xL3s) and fourth-stage larvae (L4s). Anthelmintic activity was initially evaluated on these stages based on the inhibition of motility, development and/or changes in morphology (phenotype). We identified two compounds, 6-undecylsalicylic acid (3) and 6-tridecylsalicylic acid (4) isolated from the marine brown alga, Caulocystis cephalornithos, with inhibitory effects on xL3 and L4 motility and larval development, and the induction of a “skinny-straight” phenotype. Subsequent testing showed that these two compounds had an acute nematocidal effect (within 1–12 h) on adult males and females of H. contortus. Ultrastructural analysis of adult worms treated with compound 4 revealed significant damage to subcuticular musculature and associated tissues and cellular organelles including mitochondria. In conclusion, the present study has discovered two algal compounds possessing acute anthelmintic effects and with potential for hit-to-lead progression. Future work should focus on undertaking a structure-activity relationship study and on elucidating the mode(s) of action of optimised compounds.

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“…While Eremophila lucida possesses large amounts of leaf resin and thus appeared promising, the major constituents we have isolated showed only rather moderate antibacterial activity. This accords with the limited activity of the initial fractions; of the three fractions into which the initial crude extract was separated, the n- hexane fraction showed the highest activity but at 250–300 µg/ml the antibacterial activity was inferior to that of other initial fractions from crude extracts [11,13,14]. Perhaps this is why this plant species is not recorded as a traditional medicinal plant, although other possible reasons such as its limited distribution or extinction of local knowledge cannot be excluded.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 60%

“…As in our previous work with other Eremophila plant species [11,13,14], the crude extract, successive fractions, and isolated pure compounds were tested against the Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacterial strains Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213, S. aureus ATCC 25923 and Escherichia coli ATCC 25922. These bacteria were obtained from stock cultures preserved at −80 °C at the School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, University of South Australia.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antibacterial Performance of Terpenoids from the Australian Plant Eremophila lucida

et al. 2019

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Plants in the Australian genus Eremophila (Scrophulariaceae) have attracted considerable recent attention for their antimicrobial compounds, which possess a wide range of chemical structures. As they are typically associated with the oily-waxy resin layer covering leaves and green branchlets, and Eremophila lucida is prominent among the species containing a pronounced sticky resin layer, this species was considered of interest for assessing its antibacterial constituents. The n-hexane fraction of the crude acetone extract of the leaves exhibited antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus. Isolation led to the known compounds cembratriene, (3Z, 7E, 11Z)-15-hydroxycembra-3,7,11-trien-19-oic acid (1), the sesquiterpenoid, farnesal (2) and the viscidane diterpenoid, 5α-hydroxyviscida-3,14-dien-20-oic acid (3). The purified compounds were tested for antibacterial activity with 2 and 3 showing moderate antibacterial activity against Gram-positive bacteria.

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Antibacterial constituents of Eremophila alternifolia: An Australian aboriginal traditional medicinal plant

Abstract: The antibacterial activity of the crude extract of E. alternifolia and of the isolated compounds against Gram-positive bacteria provides a Western scientific explanation of the therapeutic modality of this plant species in traditional Aboriginal medicinal practice.

Cited by 22 publications

References 41 publications

Antibacterial activity of flavonoids and their structure–activity relationship: An update review

Antibacterial activity of flavonoids and their structure–activity relationship: An update review

Natural Compounds from the Marine Brown Alga Caulocystis cephalornithos with Potent In Vitro-Activity against the Parasitic Nematode Haemonchus contortus

Antibacterial Performance of Terpenoids from the Australian Plant Eremophila lucida

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