Antibacterial, Antioxidant Activities, GC-Mass Characterization, and Cyto/Genotoxicity Effect of Green Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles Using Latex of Cynanchum acutum L

Abstract

Green synthesis of nanoparticles is receiving more attention these days since it is simple to use and prepare, uses fewer harsh chemicals and chemical reactions, and is environmentally benign. A novel strategy aims to recycle poisonous plant chemicals and use them as natural stabilizing capping agents for nanoparticles. In this investigation, silver nanoparticles loaded with latex from Cynanchum acutum L. (Cy-AgNPs) were examined using a transmission electron microscope, FT-IR spectroscopy, and UV-visible spectroscopy. Additionally, using Vicia faba as a model test plant, the genotoxicity and cytotoxicity effects of crude latex and various concentrations of Cy-AgNPs were studied. The majority of the particles were spherical in shape. The highest antioxidant activity using DPPH was illustrated for CAgNPs (25 mg/L) (70.26 ± 1.32%) and decreased with increased concentrations of Cy-AGNPs. Antibacterial activity for all treatments was determined showing that the highest antibacterial activity was for Cy-AgNPs (50 mg/L) with inhibition zone 24 ± 0.014 mm against Bacillus subtilis, 19 ± 0.12 mm against Escherichia coli, and 23 ± 0.015 against Staphylococcus aureus. For phytochemical analysis, the highest levels of secondary metabolites from phenolic content, flavonoids, tannins, and alkaloids, were found in Cy-AgNPs (25 mg/L). Vicia faba treated with Cy-AgNPs- (25 mg/L) displayed the highest mitotic index (MI%) value of 9.08% compared to other Cy-AgNP concentrations (50–100 mg/L) and C. acutum crude latex concentrations (3%). To detect cytotoxicity, a variety of chromosomal abnormalities were used, including micronuclei at interphase, disturbed at metaphase and anaphase, chromosomal stickiness, bridges, and laggards. The concentration of Cy-AgNPs (25 mg/L) had the lowest level of chromosomal aberrations, with a value of 23.41% versus 20.81% for the control. Proteins from seeds treated with V. faba produced sixteen bands on SDS-PAGE, comprising ten monomorphic bands and six polymorphic bands, for a total percentage of polymorphism of 37.5%. Eight ISSR primers were employed to generate a total of 79 bands, 56 of which were polymorphic and 23 of which were common. Primer ISSR 14 has the highest level of polymorphism (92.86%), according to the data. Using biochemical SDS-PAGE and ISSR molecular markers, Cy-AgNPs (25 mg/L) showed the highest percentage of genomic template stability (GTS%), with values of 80% and 51.28%, respectively. The findings of this work suggest employing CyAgNPs (25 mg/L) in pharmaceutical purposes due to its highest content of bioactive compounds and lowest concentration of chromosomal abnormalities.

Characterization, Antioxidant, and Antimicrobial Properties of Mulberry Lattices

“…Secondary metabolites found in these lattices may directly contribute to the antioxidative impact. Similar results were obtained from the latex of other tested plants such as Ficus carica, Thevetia peruviana, Euphorbia neriifolia, and Cynanchum acutum …”

“…Similar results were obtained from the latex of other tested plants such as Ficus carica, 63 Thevetia peruviana, 64 Euphorbia neriifolia, 65 and 65 Cynanchum acutum. 66 The existing antimicrobial therapies have been seriously endangered by the growth and spread of drug-resistant bacterial and fungal infections. Having said this, screening for news sources of antimicrobial compounds has become necessary at present.…”

“…Similar results were obtained from the latex of other tested plants such as Ficus carica , 63 Thevetia peruviana , 64 Euphorbia neriifolia , 65 and 65 Cynanchum acutum . 66 …”

Plackett–Burman screening of physico-chemical variables affecting Citrus peel-mediated synthesis of silver nanoparticles and their antimicrobial activity

“…However, appearance of some new proteins and DNA fragments can be considered as a trial from the stressed bacteria to withstand stress originating from SNPs treatment. The ability of biogenic SNPs to target protein and DNA damage was recently proven 39 , 40 .…”

Characterization of Silver Nanoparticles Synthesized by the Aqueous Extract of Zanthoxylum nitidum and Its Herbicidal Activity against Bidens pilosa L.

“…Over the past few decades, there has been an increasing importance on the development of metal nanoparticles such as gold, silver, platinum, copper, magnesium, and zinc because of their widespread application in multidisciplinary fields. In particular, Ag NPs are the most fascinating, and studied metal nanoparticles have attracted special attention owing to their superior properties, such as high chemical stability, good electrical conductivity, excellent catalytic efficiency, and good antimicrobial activities [ 1 , 2 , 3 ].…”