Antibacterial, Anticancer and Neuroprotective Activities of Rare Actinobacteria from Mangrove Forest Soils

Abstract

Mangrove is a complex ecosystem that contains diverse microbial communities, including rare actinobacteria with great potential to produce bioactive compounds. To date, bioactive compounds extracted from mangrove rare actinobacteria have demonstrated diverse biological activities. The discovery of three novel rare actinobacteria by polyphasic approach, namely MUSC 115, MUSC 117 and MUSC 78 from mangrove soils at Tanjung Lumpur, Peninsular Malaysia have led to the screening on antibacterial, anticancer and neuroprotective activities. A total of ten different panels of bacteria such as Methicillin-resistant (MRSA) ATCC 43300, ATCC 70069, NRBC 112582 and others were selected for antibacterial screening. Three different neuroprotective models (hypoxia, oxidative stress, dementia) were done using SHSY5Y neuronal cells while two human cancer cells lines, namely human colon cancer cell lines (HT-29) and human cervical carcinoma cell lines (Ca Ski) were utilized for anticancer activity. The result revealed that all extracts exhibited bacteriostatic effects on the bacteria tested. On the other hand, the neuroprotective studies demonstrated MUSC 115 extract exhibited significant neuroprotective properties in oxidative stress and dementia model while the extract of strain MUSC 78 was able to protect the SHSY5Y neuronal cells in hypoxia model. Furthermore, the extracts of MUSC 115 and MUSC 78 exhibited anticancer effect against Ca Ski cell line. The chemical analysis of the extracts through GC-MS revealed that the majority of the compounds present in all extracts are heterocyclic organic compound that could explain for the observed bioactivities. Therefore, the results obtained in this study suggested that rare actinobacteria discovered from mangrove environment could be potential sources of antibacterial, anticancer and neuroprotective agents.

Golden Needle Mushroom: A Culinary Medicine with Evidenced-Based Biological Activities and Health Promoting Properties

“…As a result, there is an increasing push to search for bioactive compounds from natural sources to serve as alternative antimicrobials (Tan et al, 2015b, 2016a; Azman et al, 2016; Chan et al, 2016) Reports on the occurrence of antimicrobials in F. velutipes mushroom are also well documented. The antimicrobial activities of extracts from different parts of F. velutipes have been the focus of several studies.…”

Investigating the antioxidant potential of Streptomyces sp. MUSC 11 from mangrove soil in Malaysia

“…Phenolic compounds constitute hydroxyl functional groups attached to aromatic compounds [108] . The lower bond dissociation energy (BDE) between hydroxyl functional group, renders hydrogen a good leaving group, and, the parent compound -phenolic compounds -overall, as good scavengers of ROS [109,110] .…”

“…and her colleagues investigated biological activities of Microbacterium mangrovi MUSC 115 T , Sinomonas humi MUSC 117 T and Monashia flava MUSC 78 T isolated from the mangrove forest of Malaysia. From their study, it was shown that methanolic extracts from 3 bacterial species contained a number of pyrrolopyrazines and either one of these extracts were effective against batteries of pathogenic bacteria, cancer cell lines and neuroprotection models [108] . Given that past studies have highlighted the presence of compound (6) in microbial extract with antioxidant potentials [40,48,100] , further points to its likely role in inducing antioxidant effect.…”

The Bioprospecting of Anti-Vibrio Streptomyces species: Prevalence and Applications

“…It has been suggested that marine Actinobacteria exhibit distinct characteristics from those terrestrial counterparts and therefore produce more potentially novel bioactive compounds [190,192] . Thus, marine environment is a potential source for isolation of novel Actinobacteria in which increasing evidences on the discovery of novel antibiotic and industrially important enzyme from marine Actinobacteria [193][194][195][196] . Likewise, 80% of the reviewed studies demonstrated the isolation of Streptomyces with anti-Vibrio activity from aquatic environments such as marine sediments, marine invertebrates and mangrove ecosystems.…”