Antibacterial, Antibiofilm, and Antischistosomal Activity of Montrichardia linifera (Arruda) Schott (Araceae) Leaf Extracts

Abstract

With a broad ethnopharmacological tradition in Brazil, Montrichardia linifera has been reported as a potent antirheumatic, antimicrobial, and antiprotozoan agent. However, there is a lack of studies on its effect on bacterial biofilm formation and Schistosoma mansoni worms. This study reports the effects of antibacterial, antibiofilm, and antischistosomal properties of leaf extracts of M. linifera. Phytochemical screening and identification of the main compounds of the extracts were performed. All the extracts evaluated showed antibacterial activity at the concentrations tested. We checked for the presence of flavonoids and derivatives of phenolic acids by the presence of spectra with bands characteristic of these classes in the sample analyzed. The antibacterial assays showed that the best MICs corresponded to 125 µg/mL against Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 29212 in all fractions. The ethanolic and methanolic extracts showed the ability to inhibit biofilm of Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25123. For the antischistosomal activity, only the acetone and ethyl acetate extracts had a significant effect against helminths, with potent activity at a concentration of 50 µg/mL, killing 100% of the worms after 72 h of incubation. The M. linifera leaf extracts showed antibacterial activity, biofilm inhibition capacity, and anthelmintic activity against S. mansoni.

In vitro Anti-inflammatory and Antioxidant Activities as well as Phytochemical Content of the Fresh Stem Juice from Montrichardia arborescens Schott (Araceae)

“…This was in accordance with previous data, mentioning the presence of flavonoids, tannins, alkaloids, and saponins in M. arborescens leaf 16 and of alkaloids, flavonoids, coumarins, tannins, triterpenes, p-hydroxybenzaldehyde, and steroids in stem and leaf of M. linifera. 32,[39][40][41][42][43][44] Several studies have reported that these compounds -either from various plant parts or as ingredients of plant extracts or enriched herbal preparations -exerted both anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities in various in vitro, cell culture, and animal models (see, for instance, references). [45][46][47][48][49][50] Summarizing, the results from the current study provide evidence that the fresh M. arborescens stem juice possesses considerable membranestabilizing and antioxidant activities, and contains phytochemicals that may be associated with these activities.…”

Mapeamento científico e tecnológico de Araceae Juss.: Uma projeção para as atividades biológicas

“…Dentre as atividades biológicas mencionadas para Araceae estão: antibacteriana (Miranda et al, 2015), antiesquistossomótica, antibiofilme (Lima et al, 2021), antirreumática (Plowman, 1969), antioxidantes (Aliyu et al, 2013), ação anti-inflamatória (Bacchus, 2016), antinociceptiva (Batista et al, 2019), dentre outras. Na medicina popular, são citadas algumas atividades e que são corroboradas com estudos, como o de Batista et al (2019), que foi realizado na raiz e no rizoma de Montrichardia linifera Arruda (Schott) (uma macrófita aquática), onde foram encontrados substâncias nos concentrados voláteis da planta, como ácidos graxos, alcaloides, alcanos, álcoois, aldeídos, cetonas, diterpenos, ésteres, fenilpropanoides, hidrocarbonetos, lactonas, norisoprenoides, piranos, sesquiterpenos e terpenos, o que sustenta o uso da planta em tratamentos antifúngico de impingem e de frieira, por indígenas e ribeirinhos.…”

“…Montrichardia linifera está entre as espécies que possuem atividade bacteriana comprovada contra bactérias Grampostivas e Gram-negativas (MIRANDA et al, 2015) e ação anti-helmíntica, contra esquistossomose (Lima et al, 2021).…”