Antibacterial and Antifungal Spectra of Antibiotics Produced by Different Strains of Erwinia herbicola (= Pantoea agglomerans)

El‐Goorani, M. A.; Hassanein, F. A.; Shoeib, AliaA.

doi:10.1111/j.1439-0434.1992.tb01316.x

Cited by 11 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 10 publications

(9 reference statements)

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“…is well documented (24,28,45,47,48). Different strains of P. agglomerans and P. dispersa have different spectra of antimicrobial activity (15,25) and produce different types of inhibition zones against the same indicator organism (3); both observations presumably reflect the fact that different antibiotics are produced by different strains. One strain of P. agglomerans, strain C9-1, produces three different antibiotics, which were purified and characterized preliminarily (27).…”

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confidence: 96%

Pantoea agglomeransStrain EH318 Produces Two Antibiotics That InhibitErwinia amylovoraIn Vitro

Wright

Zumoff

Schneider

et al. 2001

Appl Environ Microbiol

165

105

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Pantoea agglomerans (synonym: Erwinia herbicola) strain Eh318 produces through antibiosis a complex zone of inhibited growth in an overlay seeded with Erwinia amylovora, the causal agent of fire blight. This zone is caused by two antibiotics, named pantocin A and B. Using a genomic library of Eh318, two cosmids, pCPP702 and pCPP704, were identified that conferred on Escherichia coli the ability to inhibit growth of E. amylovora. The two cosmids conferred different antibiotic activities on E. coli DH5␣ and had distinct restriction enzyme profiles. A smaller, antibiotic-conferring DNA segment from each cosmid was cloned. Each subclone was characterized and mutagenized with transposons to generate clones that were deficient in conferring pantocin A and B production, respectively. Mutated subclones were introduced into Eh318 to create three antibioticdefective marker exchange mutants: strain Eh421 (pantocin A deficient); strain Eh439 (pantocin B deficient), and Eh440 (deficient in both pantocins). Cross-hybridization results, restriction maps, and spectrum-ofactivity data using the subclones and marker exchange mutants, supported the presence of two distinct antibiotics, pantocin A and pantocin B, whose biosynthetic genes were present in pCPP702 and pCPP704, respectively. The structure of pantocin A is unknown, whereas that of pantocin B has been determined as (R)-N-[((S)-2-amino-propanoylamino)-methyl]-2-methanesulfonyl-succinamic acid. The two pantocins mainly affect other enteric bacteria, based on limited testing. Pantoea agglomerans or Pantoea dispersa (20), also known asErwinia herbicola (Löhnis) Dye are members of the Enterobacteriaceae and are ubiquitous in nature, inhabiting plants, soil, and water (16,20,21) and animals and humans (16,35). Strains belonging to E. herbicola are members of the E. herbicolaEnterobacter agglomerans cluster; some have been redesignated P. agglomerans and P. dispersa, while others did not fall into either of the two species (20). P. agglomerans and P. dispersa are frequent companions of Erwinia amylovora (Burr.) Winslow et al. the causal agent of the disease fire blight of apple and pear trees (36, 38). There is current interest in P. agglomerans and P. dispersa as biological control agents for fire blight because they are harmless to apple and pear trees and are able to protect them against invasion of the pathogen (4, 29). P. agglomerans strain Eh318, isolated from a symptomless apple stem in New York State, protected immature pear fruits in the laboratory (53) and apple blossoms in controlled environment and orchard tests (5,23,43).Production of antibiotics inhibitory to E. amylovora by several strains of Pantoea spp. seems important for inhibition of E. amylovora in planta (30,45,53). In vitro inhibition of E. amylovora by antibiotics of Pantoea spp. is well documented (24,28,45,47,48). Different strains of P. agglomerans and P. dispersa have different spectra of antimicrobial activity (15,25) and produce different types of inhibition zones against the same indicator organis...

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mentioning

confidence: 96%

Pantoea agglomeransStrain EH318 Produces Two Antibiotics That InhibitErwinia amylovoraIn Vitro

Wright

Zumoff

Schneider

et al. 2001

Appl Environ Microbiol

165

105

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…The substance class(es) of the antibiotics produced by P. agglomerans which inhibit the growth of the E. amylovora norM mutant remains to be elucidated. Generally, antibiotics of P. agglomerans can be divided into different groups based on the amino acids that reverse the activity of these toxins (12,60). The growth inhibition of the E. amylovora norM mutant by all P. agglomerans strains tested could be abolished by addition of L-histidine.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The growth inhibition of the E. amylovora norM mutant by all P. agglomerans strains tested could be abolished by addition of L-histidine. Although most strains of P. agglomerans produce L-histidine-reversible antibiotics (12,60), only a few of the antibiotics were examined in detail, like MccEh252 produced by P. agglomerans strain Eh252 (53), pantocin A produced by strain Eh318 (61), and herbicolin O produced by strain C9-1 (21). None of these compounds has been structurally characterized so far.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Most of the antibiotics synthesized by P. agglomerans are known to interfere with amino acid biosynthetic pathways (12,60). Consequently, we tested whether the inhibition of Ea1189-34 growth by P. agglomerans isolates could be abolished in the presence of L-histidine.…”

Section: Generation Of Norm-deficient Mutantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A microscopy study of the interaction between P. agglomerans and E. amylovora demonstrated that these two species occupy the same sites on the stigmas of apple flowers (17). Moreover, P. agglomerans strains synthesize antibiotics which inhibit growth of E. amylovora in vitro (12,60). This antibiosis may be the reason for the competitive superiority of P. agglomerans in the interaction with the fire blight pathogen.…”

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NorM, an Erwinia amylovora Multidrug Efflux Pump Involved in In Vitro Competition with Other Epiphytic Bacteria

Burse

Weingart

Ullrich

2004

Appl Environ Microbiol

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Blossoms are important sites of infection for Erwinia amylovora, the causal agent of fire blight of rosaceous plants. Before entering the tissue, the pathogen colonizes the stigmatic surface and has to compete for space and nutrient resources within the epiphytic community. Several epiphytes are capable of synthesizing antibiotics with which they antagonize phytopathogenic bacteria. Here, we report that a multidrug efflux transporter, designated NorM, of E. amylovora confers tolerance to the toxin(s) produced by epiphytic bacteria cocolonizing plant blossoms. According to sequence comparisons, the single-component efflux pump NorM is a member of the multidrug and toxic compound extrusion protein family. The corresponding gene is widely distributed among E. amylovora strains and related plant-associated bacteria. NorM mediated resistance to the hydrophobic cationic compounds norfloxacin, ethidium bromide, and berberine. A norM mutant was constructed and exhibited full virulence on apple rootstock MM 106. However, it was susceptible to antibiotics produced by epiphytes isolated from apple and quince blossoms. The epiphytes were identified as Pantoea agglomerans by 16S rRNA analysis and were isolated from one-third of all trees examined. The promoter activity of norM was twofold greater at 18°C than at 28°C. The lower temperature seems to be beneficial for host infection because of the availability of moisture necessary for movement of the pathogen to the infection sites. Thus, E. amylovora might employ NorM for successful competition with other epiphytic microbes to reach high population densities, particularly at a lower temperature.

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Occurrence of antimicrobial activities of bacteria from soybean leaf spots

Völksch

Ullrich

Fritsche

1993

J. Basic Microbiol.

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Bacteria were isolated from leaf spots of field grown soybeans during two growing seasons. The leaf spots yielded up to 4 different species and a total population size of about 10(7)-10(8) bacteria/cm2. The majority of the 192 isolates belonged to the species Pseudomonas syringae pv. glycinea (55%), causing leaf spots of bacterial blight on soybeans, and Erwinia herbicola (22%). The remaining isolates included bacteria from other genera, but occurred occasionally. The determination of biological activity of the isolates demonstrated that a high percentage of strains from the group Erwinia/Enterobacter produced biological active substances against Escherichia coli (69%) and against Chlorella pyrenoidosa (88%). The majority of P. syringae pv. glycinea strains failed to do so. None of the isolates affected the growth of Geotrichum candidum. The E. herbicola strains showed clear antagonistic properties against a wide range of isolated bacteria. Four E. herbicola strains inhibited the growth of nearly all other E. herbicola isolates and 6 other strains were active against most of the P. syringae pv. glycinea isolates. However, antagonistic interactions among strains isolated from a distinct leaf spot were very rarely.

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Antibacterial and Antifungal Spectra of Antibiotics Produced by Different Strains of Erwinia herbicola (= Pantoea agglomerans)

Cited by 11 publications

References 10 publications

Pantoea agglomeransStrain EH318 Produces Two Antibiotics That InhibitErwinia amylovoraIn Vitro

Pantoea agglomeransStrain EH318 Produces Two Antibiotics That InhibitErwinia amylovoraIn Vitro

NorM, an Erwinia amylovora Multidrug Efflux Pump Involved in In Vitro Competition with Other Epiphytic Bacteria

Occurrence of antimicrobial activities of bacteria from soybean leaf spots

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