Antibacterial and antibiofilm activities of cinnamon essential oil nanoemulsion against multi-species oral biofilms

Abstract

Cinnamon essential oil (CEO) has antibacterial properties, but its ability to suppress the formation of multi-species oral biofilms has not been fully elucidated. This study evaluated the antibacterial and antibiofilm activities of cinnamon essential oil nanoemulsion (CEON) against oral biofilms formed using a microcosm biofilm model. The biofilms were formed on bovine enamel specimens over a 7-day period, during which all specimens were treated with one of three solutions: 5% CEON (n = 35), 0.5% cocamidopropyl betaine (n = 35), or 0.12% chlorhexidine gluconate (CHX; n = 35). Antibacterial and antibiofilm activities were determined by the red/green ratios (R/G values) of 7-day-old mature biofilms photographed with quantitative light-induced fluorescence-digital, the number of aciduric bacterial colony-forming units (CFUs) within each biofilm, and the absorbance of bacterial suspensions. One-way and repeated-measures analysis of variance were performed to compare differences among the three solutions. R/G values were lowest in the 0.12% CHX group, but not significantly differ from the 5% CEON group. The number of CFUs and absorbance were lowest in the 5% CEON group. This study showed that nanoemulsified CEO inhibited the maturation of multi-species oral biofilms and the growth of oral microorganisms in biofilms, including aciduric bacteria that cause dental caries.

Formulation of Cinnamon (Cinnamomum verum) oil loaded solid lipid nanoparticles and evaluation of its antibacterial activity against Multi-drug Resistant Escherichia coli

“…Cinnamon is one of the sources which has been widely investigated against microorganisms, in oil or extract form, separately or in combination with other antimicrobial agents [40,41]. This study evaluated the antibacterial and anti-biofilm activity of CO-SLN and pure CO against MDR E. coli which were identified in hospital infections.…”

“…It seems that however the inhibition rate was higher in cinnamon extract in comparison with CO, it may be due to higher concentration (2-fold higher). Likewise, other researches evaluated the anti-biofilm activity of Cinnamon oil or extract [57], nanoemulsion [41] or its major constituents such as cinnamaldehyde [58].…”

Overview of the Importance of Biotics in Gut Barrier Integrity

“…Nevertheless, fermented foods have several health-promoting properties, including relieving inflammation, supporting the cardiovascular system or immunomodulating properties [ 82 ]. Bacteria present in fermented products are often referred to as potentially probiotic strains [ 83 , 84 ]. Therefore, microorganisms isolated from fermented foods are tested for probioticity [ 85 ].…”

Nanoemulsions: Formulation, characterization, biological fate, and potential role against COVID-19 and other viral outbreaks

“…NEs have shown promising antimicrobial activities against bacteria, fungi, and viruses [ [172] , [173] , [174] ]. The potential of NEs for improving the efficacies of many lipophilic active ingredients, including EOs, natural extracts and antibiotics is attributed to the tunable physiochemical properties of NEs [ 175 ].…”