Antibacterial Activity of the Pancreatic Fluid

Rubinstein, Ethan; Mark, Z.; Haspel, J; Ben-Ari, G; Dreznik, Zeev; Mirelman, David; Tadmor, A.

doi:10.1016/s0016-5085(85)80009-3

Cited by 85 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Human pancreatic juice has been reported to display bactericidal activity against a number of bacteria including E. coli (37). Based on the poor bactericidal activity of hGIB (Table I) and porcine group IB (pancreatic) sPLA2s (30), it seems likely that other pancreatic proteins are responsible for the bactericidal activity of this biological fluid.…”

Section: Bactericidal Activity Of Murine and Human Spla2s-withmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bactericidal Properties of Human and Murine Groups I, II, V, X, and XII Secreted Phospholipases A2

Koduri¹,

Grönroos²,

Laine³

et al. 2002

Journal of Biological Chemistry

229

191

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Group IIA secreted phospholipase A 2 (sPLA2) is known to display potent Gram-positive bactericidal activity in vitro and in vivo. We have analyzed the bactericidal activity of the full set of recombinant murine and human groups I, II, V, X, and XII sPLA2s on Listeria monocytogenes, Staphylococcus aureus, and Escherichia coli. The rank order potency among human sPLA2s against Gram-positive bacteria is group IIA > X > V > XII > IIE > IB, IIF (for murine sPLA2s: IIA > IID > V > IIE > IIC, X > IB, IIF), and only human group XII displays detectable bactericidal activity against the Gramnegative bacterium E. coli. These studies show that highly basic sPLA2s display potent bactericidal activity with the exception of the ability of the acidic human group X sPLA2 to kill Gram-positive bacteria. By studying the Bacillus subtilis and S. aureus bactericidal potencies of a large panel of human group IIA mutants in which basic residues were mutated to acidic residues, it was found that: 1) the overall positive charge of the sPLA2 is the dominant factor in dictating bactericidal potency; 2) basic residues on the putative membrane binding surface of the sPLA2 are modestly more important for bactericidal activity than are other basic residues; 3) relative bactericidal potency tracks well with the ability of these mutants to degrade phospholipids in the bacterial membrane; and 4) exposure of the bacterial membrane of Gram-positive bacteria by disruption of the cell wall dramatically reduces the negative effect of charge reversal mutagenesis on bactericidal potency.The secreted phospholipases A 2 (sPLA2s) 1 comprise a large family of water-soluble enzymes that have the ability to bind to membrane surfaces as a prelude to the hydrolysis of the sn-2 ester of membrane phospholipids (1). Pancreatic sPLA2 (group IB sPLA2) was the first of these enzymes to be purified and extensively studied as a paradigm for interfacial enzymology.

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Section: Bactericidal Activity Of Murine and Human Spla2s-withmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bactericidal Properties of Human and Murine Groups I, II, V, X, and XII Secreted Phospholipases A2

Koduri¹,

Grönroos²,

Laine³

et al. 2002

Journal of Biological Chemistry

229

191

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…The physical barrier is provided by the epithelial cells themselves and by the motility of the intestinal walls. The chemical defenses are performed by digestive enzymes, bile and bactericidal substances, and so on [19,26,28]. The normal intestinal microflora also provide protection against infections caused by pathogenic microorganisms [2,29], but few studies have examined the colonization mechanisms of indigenous bacteria in vivo [5,9,29].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultrastructural Study on the Epithelial Responses against Attachment of Indigenous Bacteria to Epithelial Membranes in Peyer's Pathes of Rat Small Intestine

Inamoto

Kawata

et al. 2008

The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science

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ABSTRACT. The ultrastructure of epithelial responses against the membrane adhesion of indigenous bacteria was investigated in the follicleassociated epithelium (FAE) of rat small intestine. The most frequent adherence of the various morphological types of bacteria to the epithelial membranes was found at the apex of the FAE. The attachment sites were deeply invaginated, and their bottoms were deformed into a sharp cone shape. Four layers with different electron densities were formed just beneath the apical membranes by microfilaments which surrounded the invaginations. The electron density of each layer was gradually decreased as being apart from the invaginations. The extremities of some bacteria in the invaginations were deformed into sharpened shapes. The cell walls of the extremities of the bacteria were occasionally dissolved in the invaginations, and their cytoplasms were slightly swollen with low electron densities. In some invaginations, the attached bacteria were eliminated to leave their fragments such as filamentous debris and a part of cell walls. Finally these remnants disappeared completely. When the bacterial colonies existed in the middle region of the FAE, the attachment of bacteria resulted in the engulfment of bacteria by M cells. The degenerated bacteria whose cytoplasmic matrices were separated into high electron dense materials and cleared materials were occasionally engulfed by ordinary microvillous columnar epithelial cells or goblet cells throughout the FAE. These findings suggest that the epithelial cells reject the attachment of live indigenous bacteria and that the M cells absorb indigenous bacteria in rat Peyer's patches. KEY WORDS: epithelial apoptosis, indigenous bacteria, M cell, Peyer's patch, ultrastructure.

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“…This is in contrast to the 8-12 inches of foregut that may be affected by PPI therapy. Since the pancreatic juices are both bacteriostatic and cidal, these secretions may confine the SIBO associated with PPI use to the proximal duodenum and stomach [30]. A final explanation is the effect of acid.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Proton Pump Inhibitor Therapy Does Not Affect Hydrogen Production on Lactulose Breath Test in Subjects with IBS

Law

Pimentel

2009

Dig Dis Sci

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Antibacterial Activity of the Pancreatic Fluid

Cited by 85 publications

References 19 publications

Bactericidal Properties of Human and Murine Groups I, II, V, X, and XII Secreted Phospholipases A2

Bactericidal Properties of Human and Murine Groups I, II, V, X, and XII Secreted Phospholipases A2

Ultrastructural Study on the Epithelial Responses against Attachment of Indigenous Bacteria to Epithelial Membranes in Peyer's Pathes of Rat Small Intestine

Proton Pump Inhibitor Therapy Does Not Affect Hydrogen Production on Lactulose Breath Test in Subjects with IBS

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