Antibacterial Activity of Restorative Dental Biomaterials in vitro

Abstract

This study investigated the antibacterial effects against Streptococcus mutans of a fine-hybrid resin composite (FH-RC; Tetric ceram), an ion-releasing resin composite (Ariston pHc), a self-curing glass ionomer cement (SC-GIC; Ketac-Molar), a resin-modified GIC (RM-GIC; Photac-Fil), and a zinc oxide eugenol cement (ZOE; IRM). In a novel assay, bacterial suspensions were placed into narrow 20-µl conical cavities within the materials. After 0, 4, 8, 24, 48 h and 1 week of incubation, the suspensions were removed from the restoratives and the numbers of viable bacteria were determined. After incubation periods of 8 h or more, all restorative materials except the FH-RC showed significant growth inhibition when compared with controls. The strongest antibacterial activity was observed with ZOE. The inhibitory effect of Ariston pHc was similar to that of the SC-GIC and the RM-GIC. In the second assay, growth inhibition was evaluated in liquid cultures by incubating eluates of the materials with suspensions of S. mutans. Bacterial growth was determined up to 6 h by measuring absorption at 600 nm. The most marked inhibitory effect was again observed with ZOE. The SC-GIC caused a significant inhibition at all time intervals but the FH-RC, the RM-GIC and Ariston pHc exhibited no significant antibacterial effects. It is recommended to employ more than one method for assessing the antibacterial potential of restorative materials. Long-term clinical trials are necessary to determine whether the antimicrobial effects of dental materials are able to reduce the risk of secondary caries formation.

Adhesion of Streptococcus sanguinis to Dental Implant and Restorative Materials in vitro

“…24 m, corresponding to the average roughness of enamel surfaces. As shown in Table 2, the surface roughness values of the materials tested were close to that of enamel.…”

“…Based on the data obtained, it could be said that this process was even more pronounced on the implant and restorative materials tested herein. Besides, some dental restoratives release metallic or fluoride ions into the environment with a possible influence on the vitality of adherent bacteria [23][24][25] . This may augment the explanation for the lower percentage of adherent vital cells on the restorative materials used in this study.…”

Streptococcus mutans counts in plaque adjacent to orthodontic brackets bonded with resin-modified glass ionomer cement or resin-based composite

“…It also acts as a barrier against acid challenge. 4,12,13 The oral environment of orthodontic patients undergoes changes, such as pH reduction, larger number of sites available for Streptococcus mutans collection, and increased accumulation of food particles, which may lead to an increased number of Streptococcus mutans colony-forming units (CFU) in saliva. 14,15 Such changes may contribute to the development of the decalcification lesions frequently found at the end of orthodontic treatments.…”

Molecular and Structural Evaluation of Dentin Caries-Like Lesions Produced by Different Artificial Models

“…The room temperature was kept constant (27 °C) and then transferred to another glass vial containing 22 mL of sterile brain-heart infusion (BHI) broth (Becton Dickinson and Company, Sparks, MD, USA) supplemented with yeast extract (Himedia Laboratories; PVT Ltd., Mumbai, India), with 0.5% glucose (Synth; LabSynth, São Paulo, SP, Brazil), 1% sucrose (LabSynth) and 2% S. mutans (UA159) for artificial carious lesions development (7). The concentration of the bacterial suspension was determined by measuring absorption at 660 nm (A660) (21). In order to adjust the number of viable bacteria to A660, the number of colony-forming units per milliliter of bacterial suspension (cfu/mL) was determined with the use of standard spreading techniques at carious optical densities (21).…”

“…The concentration of the bacterial suspension was determined by measuring absorption at 660 nm (A660) (21). In order to adjust the number of viable bacteria to A660, the number of colony-forming units per milliliter of bacterial suspension (cfu/mL) was determined with the use of standard spreading techniques at carious optical densities (21). Inoculation occurred only in the first day of the experiment, but the broth was renewed every 48 h during 14 days.…”