Antibacterial Activity of Methyl Gallate Isolated from Galla Rhois or Carvacrol Combined with Nalidixic Acid Against Nalidixic Acid Resistant Bacteria

Abstract

Methyl gallate is a major component of Galla Rhois, as carvacrol is of oregano essential oils. Both have shown good antibacterial activity against intestinal bacteria. This study investigated the antibacterial activities of nalidixic acid in combination with methyl gallate and carvacrol against nalidixic acid resistant bacteria. The combined effect of nalidixic acid with methyl gallate and carvacrol was evaluated using the checkerboard method to obtain a fractional inhibitory concentration index. The results showed that the combinations of nalidixic acid + methyl gallate/carvacrol improved nalidixic acid resistant pathogenic bacteria inhibition with synergy or partial synergy activity. Thus, a strong bactericidal effect of the drug combinations was observed. In vitro data thus suggested that nalidixic acid combined with methyl gallate and carvacrol may be microbiologically beneficial, rather than antagonists.

Isolation, characterization and mode of antimicrobial action againstVibrio choleraeof methyl gallate isolated fromAcacia farnesiana

“…In this work, the phenolic compound methyl gallate was isolated and purified from A. farnesiana, and its antimicrobial activity against V. cholerae was demonstrated. This compound has been found in plants of the genus Acacia such as A. nilotica and A. leucophloea (Chaubal et al 2005), as well as in Rhus javanica, Toona surei, Acer ginnala and Diospyrous kaki (Ahna et al 2005;Abou-Zaid et al 2009;Choi et al 2009;Ekaprasada et al 2009;Kaur et al 2011). This compound has been also isolated from Entada abyssinica Stend ex A. Satabie (Teke et al 2011) and Paeonia lactiflora Pallas (Ngan et al 2012).…”

“…The isolated compound exhibited antimicrobial activity with MBC ranging from 19 to 312 lg ml À1 against Grampositive and Gram-negative bacteria (Teke et al 2011). In addition, the antimicrobial properties of methyl gallate have been reported against micro-organisms such as Shigella dysenteriae, Streptococcus mutans, Candida albicans, Bacillus cereus, Staphylococcus epidermidis and Escherichia coli (Kim et al 2005;Choi et al 2009) as well as Salmonella and Enterobacter (Choi et al 2008). However, no studies have been conducted on its efficacy against V. cholerae and its mechanism of action.…”

Combined Effect of Cinnamon Essential Oil and Pomegranate Peel Extract on Antioxidant, Antibacterial and Physical Properties of Chitosan Films

“…The use of combinations of natural antimicrobial (AM) agents may increase the spectrum of AM activity and also produce synergistic interactions against microorganisms (Choi et al, 2009). The objectives of the present study were to develop composite films from chitosan incorporated with CEO (10 g/L) and pomegranate peel extract (PPE, 10 g/L) alone and in combination, and to investigate the effect of these extracts on the physical, antibacterial and antioxidant properties of the films.…”

Use of natural substances for boar semen decontamination

“…(Kane et al 1988;Choi et al 2009). This substance exhibits antimicrobial activity against cariogenic bacteria including actinomycetes, streptococci, lactobacilli and against Escherichia coli (E. coli), Salmonella sp.…”

“…This substance exhibits antimicrobial activity against cariogenic bacteria including actinomycetes, streptococci, lactobacilli and against Escherichia coli (E. coli), Salmonella sp. and several other bacteria of the family Enterobacteriaceae (Choi et al 2009). Moreover, the synergistic activity of methyl gallate with ciprofloxacin or nalidixic acid against these enterobacteria has been previously demonstrated Choi et al 2009).…”