Antibacterial activity of local anesthetics

Noda, Hisayo; Miyazaki, Tatsuya; Kaya, Kerem; Saionji, Katsu

doi:10.1016/0304-3959(90)92459-4

Cited by 13 publications

(17 citation statements)

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“…The literature contains numerous reports regarding the bactericidal and bacteriostatic properties of injectable and topical local anesthetics [45][46][47][48], however we were concerned whether chronic infusion of study drug would increase the likelihood of wound infection. None of the patients in the study experienced surgical site or catheter insertion site infections.…”

Section: Complicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Patient Outcomes After Axillary Lymph Node Dissection for Breast Cancer: Use of Postoperative Continuous Local Anesthesia Infusion

Schell¹

2006

Journal of Surgical Research

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Section: Complicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Patient Outcomes After Axillary Lymph Node Dissection for Breast Cancer: Use of Postoperative Continuous Local Anesthesia Infusion

Schell¹

2006

Journal of Surgical Research

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“…As more than 400 bacterial species that are prevalent in the oral cavity have been described, a definitive statement on the possible antimicrobial activity of anaesthetics used in dentistry cannot currently be made. Noda et al (1990) and Feldman et al (1994) demonstrated bactericidal activity and the ability of lidocaine and bupivacaine to inhibit bacteria growth at clinical concentrations; however, no oral pathogens were included in these studies.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of the antimicrobial activity of local anaesthetics used for dental analgesia

Pelz

Wiedmann-Al-Ahmad

Bogdan

et al. 2008

Journal of Medical Microbiology

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Seven local anaesthetics and their active anaesthetic components [Ultracaine D-S (articaine hydrochloride), Carbostesin (bupivacaine hydrochloride), Scandicaine (mepivacaine hydrochloride), Xylonest (prilocaine hydrochloride), Xylocaine (lidocaine hydrochloride), Hostacaine (butanilicaine phosphate) and Novocaine (procaine hydrochloride)] were tested for their antimicrobial activity against 311 bacterial strains from 52 different species and 14 Candida albicans strains. The tested pathogens were members of the oral flora, and partly members of the skin and intestinal flora. Additionally, the antimicrobial activity of methyl-4-hydroxybenzoate, sodium disulfite, adrenaline hydrogen tartrate and adrenaline (the preservative and vasoconstrictive components of the anaesthetics) was tested. For determination of MIC and minimal bactericidal concentration (MBC), the agar dilution method using Wilkins-Chalgren agar was applied. The trade preparation Ultracaine D-S showed the most prominent antimicrobial activity with regard to both MIC and MBC. Ultracaine D-S and its active substance, articaine hydrochloride, showed similar MIC values, suggesting that the antimicrobial activity is mainly caused by the anaesthetic component. Novocaine showed the lowest antimicrobial activity and did not inhibit 35 of the species tested. The MIC values of all local anaesthetics were between 0.25 and 16 mg ml "1 . The routinely applied concentration of Ultracaine D-S was roughly four times higher, and of Hostacaine was two times higher, than the MBC values for the tested bacteria, whereas for the other anaesthetics, the MBC values were not reached or exceeded with the concentrations used. The MIC range of the preservatives was 0.5-1.0 mg ml "1 for methyl-4-hydroxybenzoate and 0.2-0.5 mg ml "1 for sodium disulfite. The articaine MIC values were two to three serial dilution steps lower, and the butanilicaine MIC values one to two serial dilution steps lower, than the MIC of the preservatives. The mepivacaine mean MIC values were slightly lower for Fusobacterium nucleatum, Prevotella intermedia, Porphyromonas gingivalis and Staphylococcus aureus, but higher for Streptococcus intermedius, compared with the preservative methyl-4-hydroxybenzoate. The same result was found with Streptococcus intermedius and lidocaine. Screening of 20 MIC values of 4 pure anaesthetic substances and the corresponding preservative found 2/20 instances where the MICs of the preservatives against 5 representative species (67 strains) were lower, indicating that the antimicrobial effect was mainly due to the preservative, but 18/20 results where the pure anaesthetic component showed greater antimicrobial effects compared with the preservative. The in vitro results for Carbostesin, Scandicaine and especially for Novocaine indicate that a local disinfection should be done prior to injection of the anaesthetics. Due to the results obtained with nosocomial strains (Escherichia coli, S. aureus and Pseudomonas), disinfection of the mucous membranes should be performed routine...

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“…demonstrated pronounced antimicrobial properties of 0.5% lidocaine against S. aureus , while bupivacaine failed to inhibit bacterial growth . In contrast, other studies showed that bupivacaine possesses higher antibacterial activity against S. aureus when compared with lidocaine . The observed discrepancy between the results is likely due to the lack of consistency among the experimental protocols used to evaluate antibacterial activity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Antimicrobial effect of anesthetic‐eluting ultra‐high molecular weight polyethylene for post‐arthroplasty antibacterial prophylaxis

Gil

Grindy

Muratoglu

et al. 2019

Journal Orthopaedic Research

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Despite being a relatively safe surgery, total joint replacement is often associated with two major complications—severe post‐operative pain and periprosthetic joint infection. Local sustained delivery of therapeutics to the surgical site has a potential to address these complications more effectively than current clinical approaches. Given that several analgesics were shown to possess antibacterial activity, we propose here to use analgesic‐loaded ultra‐high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) as a delivery vehicle to provide antimicrobial effect after an arthroplasty. Three commonly used anesthetics, lidocaine, bupivacaine, and ropivacaine, were analyzed in order to reveal the drug with the highest antibacterial activity against methicillin‐sensitive Staphylococcus aureus. Having shown highest antibacterial activity in the bacterial susceptibility tests, bupivacaine was chosen to be incorporated into UHMWPE to provide antibacterial properties. Bupivacaine‐loaded UHMWPE possessed moderate dose‐dependent antimicrobial properties, decreasing the S. aureus proliferation rate by up to 70%. Biofilm formation was also substanitally inhibited during the first 9 h of culture as quantified by bacterial counts and SEM. This proof‐of‐concept study is first of its kind to demonstrate that analgesic‐loaded UHMWPE can be used as part of a multimodal antimicrobial therapy. © 2019 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res

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Antibacterial activity of local anesthetics

Cited by 13 publications

References 0 publications

Patient Outcomes After Axillary Lymph Node Dissection for Breast Cancer: Use of Postoperative Continuous Local Anesthesia Infusion

Patient Outcomes After Axillary Lymph Node Dissection for Breast Cancer: Use of Postoperative Continuous Local Anesthesia Infusion

Analysis of the antimicrobial activity of local anaesthetics used for dental analgesia

Antimicrobial effect of anesthetic‐eluting ultra‐high molecular weight polyethylene for post‐arthroplasty antibacterial prophylaxis

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