Antiamnesic Effect ofActinidia argutaExtract Intake in a Mouse Model of TMT-Induced Learning and Memory Dysfunction

Abstract

The antiamnesic effects of ethyl acetate fraction from Actinidia arguta (EFAA) on trimethyltin- (TMT-) induced memory impairment were investigated to find the possibility of functional food substances. EFAA showed a potent AChE inhibitory effect (IC50 = 53 μg/mL) and efficient neuroprotection against H2O2-induced oxidative stress. The administration of EFAA significantly decreased TMT-induced cognitive deficit in Y-maze, passive avoidance, and Morris water maze (MWM) tests. After the behavioral tests, the antioxidant activities were confirmed using mice brain tissues. EFAA not only showed the inhibition of AChE activity and the decline of malondialdehyde (MDA) level as a sign of lipid peroxidation but also presented the increase of the superoxide dismutase (SOD) level and the decrease of the oxidized glutathione (GSSG)/total glutathione (GSH + GSSG) ratio. Finally, the phenolics in EFAA were identified using liquid chromatography coupled with hybrid triple quadrupole-linear ion trap mass spectrometry, and four main phenolics, such as quinic acid, chlorogenic acid, caffeoyl hexose, and quercetin-3-glucoside, were identified. These results suggest that EFAA containing physiological phenolics might enhance drug-induced amnesia through AChE inhibition and neuroprotection.

2,4-Bis(1,1-dimethylethyl)phenol from <i>Cinnamomum loureirii</i> Improves Cognitive Deficit, Cholinergic Dysfunction, and Oxidative Damage in TMT-Treated Mice

“…Studies have demonstrated that TMT exposure enhanced AChE staining in the hippocampal dentate gyrus, 23) and administration of TMT in mice resulted in a significant increase in AChE activity 24,25) ; such effects were observed in our study as well. We demonstrated that BP regulated the TMT-induced AChE overactivity in brain tissues.…”

Ethanol Extract of Oldenlandia diffusa Herba Attenuates Scopolamine-Induced Cognitive Impairments in Mice via Activation of BDNF, P-CREB and Inhibition of Acetylcholinesterase

“…Recently, anti-amnestic activity has been reported from natural products such as pine needle extract [ 19 ], Avena sativa extract [ 20 ] and Actinidia argute extract [ 21 ]. The extract of Oldenlandia diffusa is reported to have anti-inflammatory [ 22 ] and anti-cancer activity in colorectal [ 23 ], liver [ 24 ] and breast cancers [ 25 ].…”

Effect of Aruncus dioicus var. kamtschaticus Extract on Neurodegeneration Improvement: Ameliorating Role in Cognitive Disorder Caused by High-Fat Diet Induced Obesity

“…After that, the mouse was allowed to move freely for 8 min., and spontaneous spatial preference behavior was recorded by the Smart 3.0 video tracking system (Panlab, Barcelona, Spain). The percentage of spontaneous spatial preference behavior was calculated according to the following formula: (Number of alternations/(Total number of arm entries-2))×100 [19].…”

“…On the first day, the mouse was left in the bright space for 1 min., and when the gate was opened and the mouse completely passed into the dark side, the gate was closed and an electric shock (0.5 mA, 3 s) was applied on the foot. After the training trials, on the second day, the mouse was placed in the bright space and the step-through latency time that was taken to move to the dark space was measured (the step-through latency maximum testing time: 300 s) [19].…”