Anti-α-Glucosidase Activity by a Protease from Bacillus licheniformis

Abstract

Anti-α-glucosidase (AAG) compounds have received great attention due to their potential use in treating diabetes. In this study, Bacillus licheniformis TKU004, an isolated bacterial strain from Taiwanese soil, produced AAG activity in the culture supernatant when squid pens were used as the sole carbon/nitrogen (C/N) source. The protein TKU004P, which was isolated from B. licheniformis TKU004, showed stronger AAG activity than acarbose, a commercial anti-diabetic drug (IC50 = 0.1 mg/mL and 2.02 mg/mL, respectively). The molecular weight of TKU004P, determined by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE), was 29 kDa. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis showed that TKU004P may be a protease that demonstrates AAG activity by degrading yeast α-glucosidase. Among the four chitinous sources of C/N, TKU004P produced the highest AAG activity in the culture supernatant when shrimp head powder was used as the sole source (470.66 U/mL). For comparison, 16 proteases, were investigated for AAG activity but TKU004P produced the highest levels. Overall, the findings suggest that TKU004P could have applications in the biochemical and medicinal fields thanks to its ability to control the activity of α-glucosidase.

Novel Efficient Bioprocessing of Marine Chitins into Active Anticancer Prodigiosin

“…than β-chitin (mainly obtained from squid pens); thus, α-chitin was chosen for our further investigation. Based on the recent literature review, PG has been produced by S. marcescens with various types of carbon/nitrogen sources [9][10][11]13,14,[25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33]; however, very few studies report on the use of chitinous materials (squid pens) [19] as the carbon/nitrogen source for PG production; for the first time in this study, α-chitin obtained from marine resources were investigated as a potent carbon source for high scale PG production via microbial fermentation.…”

“…The fermentation was performed at the conditions at 30 °C in 1 d, and then at 25 °C in next 2 d, shaking speed of 150 rpm, and a ratio volume of medium: flask of 1:2.5 (v/v). To date, PG has been produced from many carbon sources with multiple designed media [9][10][11][13][14][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33]. As summarized in Table 2, the designed medium gave the PG productivity in the scale of 0 up to around 200 (mg/100mL).…”

“…Chitin and its derivatives display great economic value thanks to their versatile activities and potential biotechnological 2 of 14 applications, and chitin-containing materials have been reported to be used for the production of a vast array of bioactive products, such as exopolysaccharides [2][3][4], chitooligomers [5], antioxidants [6,7], biofertilizers [8] insecticidal materials [9,10], and biosorbents [11,12]. Recently, these chitin-containing materials were extensively used for the production of antidiabetic drugs [13][14][15][16][17][18]. In this study, chitinous materials were utilized for the production of prodigiosin, an active anticancer compound, via microbial fermentation.…”

Conversion of Shrimp Head Waste for Production of a Thermotolerant, Detergent-Stable, Alkaline Protease by Paenibacillus sp.

“…Every year, the seafood processing industry discards a large amount of by-products, including viscera, shells, heads, squid pens, fins, and bones, even though they could be recycled to produce bioactive compounds like gelatin [1][2][3][4], enzymes [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17], chitin [8,[18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26], chitin oligomers [7,11,12], α-glucosidase inhibitors (aGI) [27][28][29][30][31], carotenoids [32,33], and bioactive peptides [34][35][36][37][38][39][40]. Consequently, much research has gone into converting these by-products into bioactive products that have potential applications in biotechnological, agricultural, nutritional, pharmaceutical, and biomedical industries [1,…”

Coagulation of Chitin Production Wastewater from Shrimp Scraps with By-Product Chitosan and Chemical Coagulants

“…As a consequence, the industry produces large quantities of wastewater streams that contains a significant number of chemical residues with highly acidic and highly alkaline flows, as well as high levels of organic matter (mostly protein), minerals, and pigments that are toxic to the environment and a risk to human health . Currently, chitin production processes have not widely adopted the use of cleaner production methods that can increase the efficiencies of raw material utilization and reduce the environmental pollution issues [5,[7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25]. In addition, the key organic were taken from the equalization tank of the wastewater treatment system and characterized as shown in Table 1.…”