Anti-vascular endothelial growth factor for neovascular age-related macular degeneration

Abstract

Analysis 1.17. Comparison 1 Anti-VEGF treatment versus control, Outcome 17 Mean change in quality of life scores at 1 year...... Analysis 1.18. Comparison 1 Anti-VEGF treatment versus control, Outcome 18 Mean change in quality of life scores at 2 years..... Analysis 2.1. Comparison 2 Bevacizumab versus ranibizumab, Outcome 1 Gain of 15 or more letters visual acuity at 1 year........ Analysis 2.2. Comparison 2 Bevacizumab versus ranibizumab, Outcome 2 Gain of 15 or more letters visual acuity at 2 years....... Analysis 2.3. Comparison 2 Bevacizumab versus ranibizumab, Outcome 3 Loss of fewer than 15 letters visual acuity at 1 year...... Analysis 2.4. Comparison 2 Bevacizumab versus ranibizumab, Outcome 4 Loss of fewer than 15 letters visual acuity at 2 years..... Analysis 2.5. Comparison 2 Bevacizumab versus ranibizumab, Outcome 5 Visual acuity better than 20/200

Effects of FTMT Expression by Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cells on Features of Angiogenesis

“…Controlling aberrant angiogenesis, the formation of new vessels under pathological conditions, is an important therapeutic target for cancer, diabetes, stroke, and retinal diseases, among others [44][45][46][47][48]. Preventing neovascularization in many types of cancers is important as it reduces the aerobic and nutritional supplies that promote the growth of cancerous cells.…”

“…Angiogenesis is a complex coordinated procedure that requires a number of different regulatory growth factors along with the involvement of different cell types; however, VEGF is the most widely studied angiogenic factor. VEGF is frequently targeted to prevent neovascularization, with neutralizing antibodies or VEGF receptor antagonists being tested at the clinical level [44]. Another therapeutic target is the anti-angiogenic cytokine PEDF where the increased expression of PEDF or use of PEDF-derived small peptides has significant protective effects in retinal neovascularization diseases [49][50][51].…”

Selected Disorders of the Eye

“…As the hemorrhage progresses, the vision deteriorates further. Any sudden change in vision of a patient with macular degeneration should result in immediate referral to an ophthalmologist, as neovascular age-related macular degeneration can be treated by intravitreal injection of anti-vascular endothelial growth factors or in some instances laser therapy [14,20].…”

A Plasma Metabolomic Profiling of Exudative Age-Related Macular Degeneration Showing Carnosine and Mitochondrial Deficiencies

“…At an early stage, the disease is characterized by drusen and pigmentary changes, whereas dry (atrophic) and wet (neovascular or exudative) subtypes are found at a later stage. The visual prognosis of exudative AMD has been significantly improved by intravitreal injection of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) agents [3], but the metabolic disturbances contributing to the dysfunction of the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) and, secondarily, the loss of photoreceptors, remain poorly understood [4,5].…”