Anti-tyrosinase, antioxidant and antibacterial activities of gallic acid-benzylidenehydrazine hybrids and their application in preservation of fresh-cut apples and shrimps

Enzymatic browning in apple products and its inhibition treatments: A comprehensive review

“…The author also concluded that compound I1 as tetraazahydroxypyridinone derivative is exactly named as: 6‐[2′‐(3′‐hydroxy‐2′′‐methyl‐4′‐pyr‐idinone)ethyl]‐3,6,9‐triaza‐1(2,6)‐pyridinacyclodecaphane also completely stopped the TPC decrease and delayed loss of antioxidant capacity during first 30 min. Other studies also found a successful browning inhibition of apple fresh‐cut after the treatment using compound 5d and 5f of gallic acid‐benzylidenehydrazine hybrids by chelating copper (Cu 2+ ) of tyrosinase (PPO) and reducing Cu 2+ to Cu + (Peng et al., 2022), as well as compound 11 of hydroxypyridinone derivative from kojic acid by binding with copper of tyrosinase (Shao et al., 2018). Kojic acid may also interfere with the uptake of oxygen required for enzymatic browning and bleach melanin because it reduces the colored pigment to the colorless one (Singh et al., 2018).…”

Tyrosinase inhibitory mechanism and anti-browning properties of novel kojic acid derivatives bearing aromatic aldehyde moiety

“…Tyrosinase (EC 1.14.18.1), also known as polyphenol oxidase (PPO), is a copper-containing multifunctional enzyme with two copper ions at its catalytic center, which is present in several plants, microorganisms, fungi, and animals ( Masum et al, 2019 ; Seo et al, 2003 ). It is a key rate-limiting enzyme participating in melanin biosynthesis, converting substrate L-tyrosine and L-DOPA to o -dopaquinone ( Loizzo et al, 2012 ; Peng et al, 2022 ). The catalytic product o -quinone is transformed into melanin through a series of reactions, which can lead to the enzymatic browning of some fruits, vegetables, and aquatic products ( Zhu et al, 2022 ).…”

Preparation of low molecular weight Enteromorpha prolifera polysaccharide and its antioxidant and tyrosinase inhibitory activities

“…For example, Wang et al (2021) reported that the fucoidan fraction with MW below 5 kDa demonstrated strong tyrosinase inhibitory effect and shown obvious browning inhibition of fresh-cut apple slices (Wang et al, 2021). Stilbene-hydroxypyridinone hybrid, gallic acid-benzylidenehydrazine hybrid, the synthetic tyrosinase inhibitors, exhibited capacity to preserve fresh-cut apples and shrimps (Zhu et al, 2022;Peng et al, 2022). Sulfated polysaccharides, degraded low-molecular-weight polysaccharides, or oligosaccharides derived from seaweed have been reported to be effective as tyrosinase inhibitors.…”