Anti-trypanosomal activity and DNA fingerprinting of fifteen Euphorbia species using ISSR and SCoT markers

Abstract

Background Euphorbia is the largest genus in family Euphorbiaceae with a great biological and genetic diversity. The anti-trypanosomal activity of the crude extract of 15 Euphorbia species against Trypanosoma brucei brucei was carried out. Furthermore, DNA fingerprinting of the tested species using ISSR and SCoT markers was also investigated. Results The anti-trypanosomal activity of the 15 Euphorbia species revealed the highest activity of E. officinarum L. and E. milli Des Moul. against Trypanosoma brucei brucei with IC50 values < 10 μg/mL after 48- and 72-h incubation. Moreover, the assessment of the genetic diversity among the 15 tested species showed similar correlation coefficients of 0.76–0.98 which classified Euphorbia species into two main groups, one contained two species and the other contained 13 species. Conclusions Some Euphorbia species exhibited significant growth inhibitory activity toward Trypanosoma brucei strain TC221. Results also indicated the suitability of both markers for genetic fingerprinting of the tested Euphorbia species. To our knowledge, this is the first detailed comparison of the performance of two targeted DNA molecular markers (SCoT and ISSR) on the tested 15 Euphorbia species. The results guide future efficient use of these molecular markers in the genetic analysis of Euphorbia.

Use of ISSR markers to assess the genetic diversity of an endemic plant of Morocco (Euphorbia resinifera O. Berg)

“…This high percentage implies that there is an important genetic diversity in this endemic species. This result is higher than that reported with ISSR markers for other Euphorbia species ( E. khabrica , E. buhsei , E. osyridea , and E. austro-iranica ) in Iran by Pahlevani et al (13.02%, 20.71%, 24.85%, and 14.20%, respectively) [ 50 ], in Saudi Arabia by Moustafa et al ( Euphorbia prostrata Aiton , Euphorbia peplus L. , and Euphorbia terracina L. ) (20.28%, 14.08%, and 11.44%, respectively) [ 51 ], and for 15 Euphorbia species by El-Hawary et al (total polymorphism = 57.7%) [ 52 ]. However, our finding was lower than that observed by Reginaldo et al for Brazilian Euphorbiaceae ( Croton urucurana Baill ) (89%) based on ISSR markers [ 53 ] and by Dorset et al for American E. telephioides (80.7%) revealed by allozyme markers [ 54 ].…”

Digalloyl Glycoside: A Potential Inhibitor of Trypanosomal PFK from Euphorbia abyssinica J.F. Gmel

“…In our previous research, the anti-trypanosomal activity of the methanolic extract of E. abyssinica against T. brucei brucei strain TC221 was investigated, and IC 50 values were determined as 17.3 and 19.4 µg/mL after 48 and 72 h incubation, respectively [23]. Consequently, the current study discusses the molecular modeling study of the compounds isolated from E. abyssinica J.F.…”

“…E. abyssinica methanolic extract was previously reported to exhibit potent anti-trypanosomal activity IC 50 17.3 and 19.4 µg/mL after 48 and 72 h incubation [23]. Phytochemical investigation of the methanolic extract was performed for isolation and identification of the major compounds.…”