Anti‐transglutaminase antibodies and coeliac disease

Miller, Ashley M.; Paspaliaris, W.; Elliott, Peter R.; d’Apice, Anthony J.F.

doi:10.1111/j.1445-5994.1999.tb00690.x

Cited by 21 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…The human recombinant tTG-based ELISA is a sensitive, specific, and reproducible test to support the diagnosis and follow-up of childhood celiac disease and can be used as an alternative to the EMA test. However, further study remains to be undertaken to determine whether the use of recombinant human tTG can accurately detect 100% of the celiac patients (20,35,36) and thereby to which extent it might in the future replace intestinal biopsy for diagnosis of celiac disease in childhood. …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recombinant Human Tissue Transglutaminase for Diagnosis and Follow-Up of Childhood Coeliac Disease

et al. 2002

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recombinant Human Tissue Transglutaminase for Diagnosis and Follow-Up of Childhood Coeliac Disease

et al. 2002

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“…Because of the varied clinical presentations of CD, serological methods have been found to be very useful for detecting its existence in patients with thyroid autoimmunity. This association has been the subject of several investigations (5,37,38,49,65,70,73,89,96,113) (Table 2). These studies include determining the occurrence of CD in thyroid patients, whereas other investigations focused on the incidence of thyroid autoimmunity in patients with CD.…”

Section: Autoimmune Endocrine Disorders and CDmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Three thyroid diseases are considered to have autoimmune etiology: Hashimoto's thyroiditis, idiopathic myxedema, and Grave's disease. The antigens against which the autoimmune reactions are directed to produce thyroid autoimmune disease include thyroglobulin (Tg), thyroid peroxidase (TPO), and the TSH receptor (5,37,38,49,65,70,73,89,96,113). These autoantibodies cause direct thyroid dysfunction, as in Grave's disease caused by antibodies to the TSH receptor, or a destructive process, as in Hashimoto's thyroiditis and idiopathic myxedema.…”

Section: Autoimmune Endocrine Disorders and CDmentioning

confidence: 99%

Celiac Disease-Associated Autoimmune Endocrinopathies

Kumar

Rajadhyaksha

Wortsman

2001

Clin Diagn Lab Immunol

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3Celiac disease (CD) is an autoimmune disorder induced by gluten intake in genetically susceptible individuals. It is characterized by the presence of serum antibodies to endomysium, reticulin, gliadin, and tissue transglutaminase. The incidence of CD in various autoimmune disorders is increased 10-to 30-fold in comparison to the general population, although in many cases CD is clinically asymptomatic or silent. The identification of such cases with CD is important since it may help in the control of type I diabetes or endocrine functions in general, as well as in the prevention of long-term complications of CD, such as lymphoma. It is believed that CD may predispose an individual to other autoimmune disorders such as type I diabetes, autoimmune thyroid, and other endocrine diseases and that gluten may be a possible trigger. The onset of type I diabetes at an early age in patients with CD, compared to non-CD, and the prevention or delay in onset of diabetes by gluten-free diet in genetically predisposed individuals substantiates this antigen trigger hypothesis. Early identification of CD patients in highly susceptible population may result in the treatment of subclinical CD and improved control of associated disorders.Autoimmunity as a concept evolved from the beginning of this century, when Ehrlich and Morgenroth (26) introduced the phenomenon of "horror autotoxicus," i.e., fear of selfpoisoning. Subsequently, many diseases were recognized with etiology arising from the abnormal reaction of the immune system to self antigens. These observations laid the foundation for establishing postulates that are characteristic of an autoimmune disease (4, 7). Since then, several hypotheses have been put forward regarding the mechanisms of autoimmunity (22,76,84,110,118).In general, autoimmune disorders can be classified as either organ specific or non-organ specific. In organ-specific autoimmune diseases, the autoantibodies are specifically directed against antigens localized in a particular organ and are often detected in circulation. Examples of organ-specific autoimmunity include Hashimoto's thyroiditis, type I diabetes, and myasthenia gravis.In contrast, the non-organ-specific autoimmune disorders are characterized by the presence of autoantibodies directed against ubiquitous antigens (not specific to a particular organ). This results in the involvement of several organs and is often characterized by the presence of specific circulating immune complexes. Non-organ-specific autoimmunity includes diseases such as systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and scleroderma.Epidemiologic studies have shown that genetic factors are involved in host susceptibility to autoimmune disease. For example, the concordance rate of a particular autoimmune diseases is much higher in monozygotic twins in comparison to fraternal twins (17). Moreover, this incidence is much higher in organ-specific autoimmune disorders in comparison to nonorgan-specific disorders. Thus, in Grave's thyrotoxicosis, Hashimoto's disease, a...

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“…In addition, IgA endomysial antibodies are more sensitive and specific than either reticulin or gliadin IgA antibodies for diagnosis of GSE (5,(9)(10)(11)(12)(13). Since the discovery of the role of tTG as the autoantigen in celiac disease (7), studies have shown a high degree of correlation between IgA anti-tTG and IgA EMA in patients with GSE (14)(15)(16)(17). IgA EMA has been reported to be a more sensitive assay, particularly during gluten challenge (18).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

IgA antibodies against endomysium and transglutaminase: A comparison of methods

Jaskowski

Schroder

Martins

et al. 2001

Clinical Laboratory Analysis

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Recently, the endomysial antigen has been identified as the protein cross-linking enzyme known as tissue transglutaminase (tTG). Our objective was to compare a novel enzyme immunoassay (EIA) that detects IgA antibody against tTG to two standard IFA methods utilizing thin tissue sections of rat kidney/rat stomach (KS) and distal primate esophagus (PE) as substrates to detect IgA antibody against endomysium (EMA). Sera from 100 patients suspected of having gluten-sensitive enteropathy (GSE) and 23 sera possessing various antibodies used for EIA cross-reactivity studies were included. Additional tests, performed routinely in our laboratory, were utilized to further assess sera from patients suspected having GSE. These tests include anti-gliadin IgA antibody (AGA) and anti-reticulin IgA antibody (ARA) and are part of the European Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition (ESPGAN) revised criteria for diagnosing GSE. When compared to IFA using KS, the tTG EIA had a sensitivity of 87.5%, was 97.1% specific, and had an overall agreement of 94.0%. When compared to IFA using PE, the tTG EIA had a sensitivity of 92.6%, was 93.2% specific, and had an overall agreement of 93.0%. When the KS IFA was compared to the PE IFA for EMA, the KS IFA had a sensitivity of 96.3%, was 91.8% specific, and had an overall agreement of 93.0%. The majority of sera that were positive for tTG but were negative by IFA (KS, n = 2/PE, n = 5) possessed IgA antibodies against gliadin and/or reticulin. Five of six sera with negative results by PE IFA were positive by the KS IFA and possessed one or more antibodies to tTG and/or gliadin and/or reticulin. We conclude that the tTG EIA compares well to both KS and PE IFAs when detecting IgA antibody against endomysium. We do not recommend the use of PE to detect EMA primarily because of the inconsistencies (i.e., tissue selection, quality, and preparation) and limited availability of commercially prepared PE tissue.

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Anti‐transglutaminase antibodies and coeliac disease

Cited by 21 publications

References 16 publications

Recombinant Human Tissue Transglutaminase for Diagnosis and Follow-Up of Childhood Coeliac Disease

Recombinant Human Tissue Transglutaminase for Diagnosis and Follow-Up of Childhood Coeliac Disease

Celiac Disease-Associated Autoimmune Endocrinopathies

IgA antibodies against endomysium and transglutaminase: A comparison of methods

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