Anti-Toxoplasma gondii secretory IgA in tears of patients with ocular toxoplasmosis: immunodiagnostic validation by ELISA

Lynch, Maria Isabel; Malagueño, Elizabeth; Lynch, Luiz Felipe; Ferreira, Silvana Margarida Benevides; Stheling, Raphael; Oréfice, Fernando

doi:10.1590/s0074-02762009000600003

Cited by 11 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…As stated earlier, although most reports of ocular toxoplasmosis were from the Clínica Silveira in Erechim, the disease is probably common in the rest of the Brazilian population, and toxoplasmosis has been recognized as an important cause of uveitis in Brazil since late 1970's (Belfort et al 1978; de Abreu et al 1980, 1982; Petrilli et al 1987; Silveira et al 1987; Pinheiro et al 1990; Glasner et al 1992 b ; Schellini et al 1993; Reis et al 1998 a , b ; Sebben et al 1995; Abreu et al 1998; de Carvalho et al 1998; Jorge et al 2003; Gouveia et al 2004; Oliveira and Reis, 2004; do Carmo et al 2005; Alvarenga et al 2007; Haddad et al 2007; Nóbrega and Rosa, 2007; Lynch et al 2008; Aleixo et al 2009; de Souza and Casella, 2009; Lynch et al 2009; Melamed, 2009; Diniz et al 2011; Mattos et al 2011). Even though toxoplasmosis can affect any part of the eye, retinochoroiditis is its hallmark (Silveira et al 1989; Hayashi et al 1997; Holland et al 1999; Silveira et al 2001; Silveira, 2002; Yamamoto et al 2003; Eckert et al 2007; Oréfice et al 2007; Lynch et al 2008; Commodaro et al 2009; Melamed et al 2009; Bottós et al 2009; de Souza et al 2009; Belfort et al 2010; Arevalo et al 2010; Delair et al 2011).…”

Section: Toxoplasmosis In Humansmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toxoplasmosis in humans and animals in Brazil: high prevalence, high burden of disease, and epidemiology

et al. 2012

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SUMMARYInfections by the protozoan parasiteToxoplasma gondiiare widely prevalent in humans and animals in Brazil. The burden of clinical toxoplasmosis in humans is considered to be very high. The high prevalence and encouragement of the Brazilian Government provides a unique opportunity for international groups to study the epidemiology and control of toxoplasmosis in Brazil. Many early papers on toxoplasmosis in Brazil were published in Portuguese and often not available to scientists in English-speaking countries. In the present paper we review prevalence, clinical spectrum, molecular epidemiology, and control ofT. gondiiin humans and animals in Brazil. This knowledge should be useful to biologists, public health workers, veterinarians, and physicians. Brazil has a very high rate ofT. gondiiinfection in humans. Up to 50% of elementary school children and 50–80% of women of child-bearing age have antibodies toT. gondii. The risks for uninfected women to acquire toxoplasmosis during pregnancy and fetal transmission are high because the environment is highly contaminated with oocysts. The burden of toxoplasmosis in congenitally infected children is also very high. From limited data on screening of infants forT. gondiiIgM at birth, 5–23 children are born infected per 10 000 live births in Brazil. Based on an estimate of 1 infected child per 1000 births, 2649 children with congenital toxoplasmosis are likely to be born annually in Brazil. Most of these infected children are likely to develop symptoms or signs of clinical toxoplasmosis. Among the congenitally infected children whose clinical data are described in this review, several died soon after birth, 35% had neurological disease including hydrocephalus, microcephaly and mental retardation, 80% had ocular lesions, and in one report 40% of children had hearing loss. The severity of clinical toxoplasmosis in Brazilian children may be associated with the genetic characteristics ofT. gondiiisolates prevailing in animals and humans in Brazil.

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Section: Toxoplasmosis In Humansmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toxoplasmosis in humans and animals in Brazil: high prevalence, high burden of disease, and epidemiology

et al. 2012

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“…IgA antibodies together with IgM and IgG against antigens derived from tachyzoite forms of T. gondii are frequently detected in sera of patients in the early and chronic phase of toxoplasmosis [20]. The presence of IgG and IgA anti-T. gondii in saliva and other body fluids has also been reported [21][22][23][24][25]. However, the specific role of IgA against T. gondii in the human oral cavity remains elusive.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Salivary IgA against sporozoite-specific embryogenesis-related protein (TgERP) in the study of horizontally transmitted toxoplasmosis via T. gondii oocysts in endemic settings

et al. 2016

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The aim of this study was to contribute to the better understanding of the relative epidemiological importance of different modes of infection with respect to horizontal transmission of Toxoplasma gondii in endemic settings. We investigated the prevalence of salivary IgA against a sporozoite-specific embryogenesis-related protein (TgERP) in a highly endemic area for toxoplasmosis in Brazil in order to pinpoint parasite transmission via oocysts. Prevalence calculated by salivary IgA specific to TgERP was compared to the prevalence calculated by serum IgG against both TgERP and tachyzoites (in conventional serological tests). Prevalence calculated by different serological and salivary parameters varied in the studied age groups. However, for the 15-21 years age group, values for T. gondii prevalence estimated by conventional serological tests and by anti-TgERP salivary IgA were similar; i.e. 68·7% and 66·6% or 66·7%, respectively, using two different cut-off parameters for salivary IgA anti-TgERP. Furthermore, salivary IgA anti-TgERP for this age group presented the highest specificity (93·33%), sensitivity (93·94%), and likelihood (14·09) compared to all the other age groups. These data demonstrate the importance of age for salivary IgA investigation against TgERP to estimate the mode of T. gondii transmission in endemic settings.

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“…Lynch et al (2009) have shown that it is possible to differentiate patients with active posterior uveitis caused by ocular toxoplasmosis from patients with uveitis resulting from other aetiologies by testing for anti-T. gondii SIgA in tears.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Tear tests were done at Keizo Asami Laboratory of Immunopathology at UFPE. Anti-T. gondii SIgA in the tears was analysed by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay using T. gondii RH crude antigens previously described by Lynch et al (2004Lynch et al ( , 2009). …”

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confidence: 99%

Ocular toxoplasmosis: evaluation of lacrimal - specific secretory IgA levels in both patients with active and inactive phases of the disease

Lynch

Ferreira

et al. 2011

Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz

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Anti-Toxoplasma gondii secretory IgA in tears of patients with ocular toxoplasmosis: immunodiagnostic validation by ELISA

Cited by 11 publications

References 18 publications

Toxoplasmosis in humans and animals in Brazil: high prevalence, high burden of disease, and epidemiology

Toxoplasmosis in humans and animals in Brazil: high prevalence, high burden of disease, and epidemiology

Salivary IgA against sporozoite-specific embryogenesis-related protein (TgERP) in the study of horizontally transmitted toxoplasmosis via T. gondii oocysts in endemic settings

Ocular toxoplasmosis: evaluation of lacrimal - specific secretory IgA levels in both patients with active and inactive phases of the disease

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