Anti-Toxoplasma gondii activity of GAS in vitro

Chen, Shengxia; Wu, Liang; Xi, Jiang; Feng, Yaoyu; Cao, Jianping

doi:10.1016/j.jep.2008.05.023

Cited by 31 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 15 publications

(14 reference statements)

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“…To our knowledge, this is the first report evaluating the GAs antiCryptosporidium activity. In a previous study, we found that GAs significantly inhibit the growth of Toxoplasma gondii which is another important apicomplexan parasite (Chen et al 2008). The proposed mechanism of killing Toxoplasma is interference of GAs with T. gondii DNA and protein synthesis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

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Efficacy of ginkgolic acids against Cryptosporidium andersoni in cell culture

Shen

et al. 2011

Parasitol Res

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Cryptosporidium is a worldwide waterborne parasite and the treatment is a severe problem in immunocompromised patients. In this study, we used the in vitro culture system to evaluate the anti-Cryptosporidium activity of ginkgolic acids (GAs), nitazoxanide (NTZ), garlicin (GAR), and artemether (ART). The growth of Cryptosporidium andersoni in HCT-8 cells was determined by real-time PCR assay. When exposed to 5.00 μg/ml GAs or 10.00 μg/ml NTZ for 48 h, the number of C. andersoni in cultures was on a very low lever, but the number of parasites did not significantly decrease when exposed to GAR and ART. Our results indicate that GAs could be a potential drug for the treatment of cryptosporidiosis.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…We found the extract of G. biloba sarcotesta to have molluscicidal activity , antimicrobial properties (Yang et al 2002), antitumor functions (Yang et al 2004), and anti-Toxoplasma activity (Chen et al 2008). In this study, we evaluated ginkgolic acids (GAs) for inhibition of the development of C. andersoni by an in vitro culture system.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficacy of ginkgolic acids against Cryptosporidium andersoni in cell culture

Shen

et al. 2011

Parasitol Res

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“…Briefly, 45 μl of tachyzoites suspension containing 10 6 cells/ml were incubated, with 5 mL of each fractions/clindamycin (dissolved in DMSO [1%w/v] at final concentration of 1.56–100 μg/ml) [22] at 37°C in 96 wells micro plates. Tachyzoites vitality was determined under an inverted microscope with the trypan blue dye exclusion test after 24 h of incubation in 10% CO 2 chamber.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Six hours after inoculation, the infected cells were washed twice with RPMI 1640 medium without FBS to remove any non-adherent parasites. After 18 h incubation, RPMI 1640 medium supplemented with 2% FBS was added to each well along with different concentrations of the fractions/ clindamycin (at final concentration of 1.56–100 μg/ml) [22]. After 24 h of treatment, anti- T. gondii activity and cytotoxicity of the extracts were examined using an MTS (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-5-(3-carboxymethoxyphenyl)-2-(4-sulfophenyl)-2 H-tetrazolium, inner salt) (Promega, Madison, WI) assay [25].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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In vitro Anti-Toxoplasma gondii Activity of Root Extract/Fractions of Eurycoma longifolia Jack

Kavitha

Noordin

Chan

et al. 2012

BMC Complement Altern Med

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Background Toxoplasma gondii infection causes toxoplasmosis, an infectious disease with worldwide prevalence. The limited efficiency of drugs against this infection, their side effects and the potential appearance of resistant strains make the search of novel drugs an essential need. We examined Eurycoma longifolia root extract and fractions as potential sources of new compounds with high activity and low toxicity. The main goal of this study was to investigate the anti- T. gondii activity of crude extract (TACME) and four fractions (TAF 273, TAF 355, TAF 191 and TAF 401) from E. longifolia , with clindamycin as the positive control. Methods In vitro toxoplasmacidal evaluation was performed using Vero cells as host for T. gondii . Light microscopy technique was used to study in situ antiparasitic activity. Results Significant anti- T. gondii activity was observed with clindamycin (EC50 = 0.016 μg/ml), follow by TAF 355 (EC50 = 0.369 μg/ml) and TAF 401 (EC50 = 0.882 μg/ml). Light microscopy revealed that most Vero cells were infected after 3 h of exposure to T. gondii . After 36 h of exposure to the E. longifolia fraction, the host Vero cells showed no visible intracellular parasite and no remarkable morphological changes. Conclusions Our study demonstrated that TAF 355 and TAF401 fractions may be the sources of new anti- T. gondii compounds.

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In vitro and in vivo Anti‐Toxoplasma activity of Dracocephalum kotschyi essential oil

Khamesipour

Razavi

Hejazi‬

et al. 2020

Food Science & Nutrition

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Toxoplasma gondii is a zoonotic parasite of worldwide importance, responsible for toxoplasmosis in homeotherms. Although treatment options are readily available, most drugs often cause serious side effects. Extracts of Dracocephalum kotschyi (D. kotschyi) have shown significant pharmacological activity against various parasites, viruses, and bacteria. In this study, we evaluated the anti‐T. gondii activity in vitro and in vivo of D. kotschyi essential oil. The thiazolyl blue tetrazolium bromide (MTT) method was used to assess the anti‐T. gondii activity and cytotoxicity of the essential oil. The presence of T. gondii was observed by Giemsa staining, and the viability was evaluated by the trypan blue staining method. Furthermore, the survival rate of acutely infected mice was evaluated by intraperitoneal injecting of the essential oil (50, 100, and 200 mg kg−1 day−1) for five days after infection with 2 × 104 tachyzoites. Essential oil, negative, and positive controls that showed the best toxoplasmacidal activity were assayed in triplicate at each concentration. The essential oil exhibited the highest anti‐Toxoplasma activity with a half‐maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of 9.94 ± 0.38 µg, with a selectivity index of 2.463. On Vero cells, the CC50 of the oil was 24.49 ± 0.96 µg and exhibited a significant anti‐Toxoplasma activity. Moreover, the treatment by essential oil significantly increased the survival rate compared to untreated infected control. In conclusion, the essential oil might be a useful compound, and with more testing, it may be an excellent alternative to standard chemical drugs in the treatment of toxoplasmosis.

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Anti-Toxoplasma gondii activity of GAS in vitro

Cited by 31 publications

References 15 publications

Efficacy of ginkgolic acids against Cryptosporidium andersoni in cell culture

Efficacy of ginkgolic acids against Cryptosporidium andersoni in cell culture

In vitro Anti-Toxoplasma gondii Activity of Root Extract/Fractions of Eurycoma longifolia Jack

In vitro and in vivo Anti‐Toxoplasma activity of Dracocephalum kotschyi essential oil

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