Anti-SARS-CoV IgG response in relation to disease severity of severe acute respiratory syndrome

Lee, Nelson; Chan, Paul K.S.; Ip, Margaret; Wong, Eric; Ho, Joseph; Ho, Catherine; Cockram, Clive S.; Hui, David S.

doi:10.1016/j.jcv.2005.07.005

Cited by 128 publications

(148 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Another study reported that the frequency of memory CD4 + T cells was significantly higher in patients with severe SARS in comparison with those with mild-to-moderate illness (17). The severe illness was also associated with a more robust IgG response (7,9). An appealing and well-accepted explanation for these findings is that an overexuberant host response might be associated with worsening of disease and progressive lung damage (34,35), yet this overreaction might not be a long-lasting one.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Previous studies indicated that specific Abs to SARS-related coronavirus (SARS-CoV) waned over time. (4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9) However, disappearance of anti-SARS-CoV Abs does not necessarily indicate loss of protection. As is well known, an efficient line of defense against viral reinfection consists of three key components: preexisting Abs, memory B cells, and memory T cells.…”

Section: S Evere Acute Respiratory Syndrome (Sars) Is An Emerging Infmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Lack of Peripheral Memory B Cell Responses in Recovered Patients with Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome: A Six-Year Follow-Up Study

Tang

Yan

Xin

et al. 2011

The Journal of Immunology

508

468

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Six years have passed since the outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS). Previous studies indicated that specific Abs to SARS-related coronavirus (SARS-CoV) waned over time in recovered SARS patients. It is critical to find out whether a potential anamnestic response, as seen with other viral infections, exists to protect a person from reinfection in case of another SARS outbreak. Recovered SARS patients were followed up to 6 y to estimate the longevity of specific Ab. The specific memory B cell and T cell responses to SARS-CoV Ags were measured by means of ELISPOT assay. Factors in relation to humoral and cellular immunity were investigated. Six years postinfection, specific IgG Ab to SARS-CoV became undetectable in 21 of the 23 former patients. No SARS-CoV Ag-specific memory B cell response was detected in either 23 former SARS patients or 22 close contacts of SARS patients. Memory T cell responses to a pool of SARS-CoV S peptides were identified in 14 of 23 (60.9%) recovered SARS patients, whereas there was no such specific response in either close contacts or healthy controls. Patients with more severe clinical manifestations seemed to present a higher level of Ag-specific memory T cell response. SARS-specific IgG Ab may eventually vanish and peripheral memory B cell responses are undetectable in recovered SARS patients. In contrast, specific T cell anamnestic responses can be maintained for at least 6 y. These findings have applications in preparation for the possible reemergence of SARS.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: S Evere Acute Respiratory Syndrome (Sars) Is An Emerging Infmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lack of Peripheral Memory B Cell Responses in Recovered Patients with Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome: A Six-Year Follow-Up Study

Tang

Yan

Xin

et al. 2011

The Journal of Immunology

508

468

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Our finding of an association of memory B‐cell population with greater severity of disease could indicate a role for these cells and anti‐HEV antibodies in liver damage caused by HEV. Serum antiviral antibody titers have been shown to influence disease severity in other acute viral diseases, such as influenza and severe acute respiratory syndrome 21,22 . Antiviral antibodies can mediate target cell killing and viral clearance by ADCC through the binding of immune complexes to the Fc receptor in NK and NKT cells.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adaptive immune responses during acute uncomplicated and fulminant hepatitis E

Srivastava

Aggarwal

Sachdeva

et al. 2011

J of Gastro and Hepatol

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“…To date, whether ADE occurs in SARS‐CoV infection in infected individuals is still controversial. Several clinical studies have reported that SARS‐CoV‐specific antibodies found in SARS patients are not harmful , whereas others have observed poor disease outcomes in early seroconverted SARS patients . To address this issue directly, it would be necessary to screen SARS patient sera, keeping in mind the possibility that ADE may only occur within a narrow window during the course of an infection and only in a subset of infected patients.…”

Section: Ade Is Exploited By a Variety Of Virusesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fc receptors in antibody‐dependent enhancement of viral infections

Taylor

Foo

Bruzzone

et al. 2015

Immunological Reviews

226

244

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Summary: Sensitization of the humoral immune response to invading viruses and production of antiviral antibodies forms part of the host antiviral repertoire. Paradoxically, for a number of viral pathogens, under certain conditions, antibodies provide an attractive means of enhanced virus entry and replication in a number of cell types. Known as antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE) of infection, the phenomenon occurs when virus-antibody immunocomplexes interact with cells bearing complement or Fc receptors, promoting internalization of the virus and increasing infection. Frequently associated with exacerbation of viral disease, ADE of infection presents a major obstacle to the prevention of viral disease by vaccination and is thought to be partly responsible for the adverse effects of novel antiviral therapeutics such as intravenous immunoglobulins. There is a growing body of work examining the intracellular signaling pathways and epitopes responsible for mediating ADE, with a view to aiding rational design of antiviral strategies. With in vitro studies also confirming ADE as a feature of infection for a growing number of viruses, challenges remain in understanding the multilayered molecular mechanisms of ADE and its effect on viral pathogenesis.

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Anti-SARS-CoV IgG response in relation to disease severity of severe acute respiratory syndrome

Abstract: Severe SARS is associated with a more robust IgG response.

Cited by 128 publications

References 29 publications

Lack of Peripheral Memory B Cell Responses in Recovered Patients with Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome: A Six-Year Follow-Up Study

Lack of Peripheral Memory B Cell Responses in Recovered Patients with Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome: A Six-Year Follow-Up Study

Adaptive immune responses during acute uncomplicated and fulminant hepatitis E

Fc receptors in antibody‐dependent enhancement of viral infections

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