Anti-rheumatic drugs as potential anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory agents against COVID-19: A systematic review

Sinaei, Reza; Pezeshki, Sara; Asadipour, Ali; Shiari, Reza; Sinaei, Roya; Sinaei, Ali

doi:10.34172/ps.2021.40

Cited by 4 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 12 publications

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“…However, glucocorticoids combined with thalidomide have been used to determine whether the combinatorial approach is effective against SARS-CoV-2 infections. Moreover, a thalidomide and glucocorticoid combination was reported to reduce the hyperinflammatory surge and gastrointestinal symptoms with fewer side effects in COVID-19 patients [ 47 ].…”

Section: Is the Drug-repurposing Approach Sufficient? Or Novel Drug D...mentioning

confidence: 99%

An Attention towards the Prophylactic and Therapeutic Options of Phytochemicals for SARS-CoV-2: A Molecular Insight

et al. 2023

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The novel pathogenic virus was discovered in Wuhan, China (December 2019), and quickly spread throughout the world. Further analysis revealed that the pathogenic strain of virus was corona but it was distinct from other coronavirus strains, and thus it was renamed 2019-nCoV or SARS-CoV-2. This coronavirus shares many characteristics with other coronaviruses, including SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV. The clinical manifestations raised in the form of a cytokine storm trigger a complicated spectrum of pathophysiological changes that include cardiovascular, kidney, and liver problems. The lack of an effective treatment strategy has imposed a health and socio-economic burden. Even though the mortality rate of patients with this disease is lower, since it is judged to be the most contagious, it is considered more lethal. Globally, the researchers are continuously engaged to develop and identify possible preventive and therapeutic regimens for the management of disease. Notably, to combat SARS-CoV-2, various vaccine types have been developed and are currently being tested in clinical trials; these have also been used as a health emergency during a pandemic. Despite this, many old antiviral and other drugs (such as chloroquine/hydroxychloroquine, corticosteroids, and so on) are still used in various countries as emergency medicine. Plant-based products have been reported to be safe as alternative options for several infectious and non-infectious diseases, as many of them showed chemopreventive and chemotherapeutic effects in the case of tuberculosis, cancer, malaria, diabetes, cardiac problems, and others. Therefore, plant-derived products may play crucial roles in improving health for a variety of ailments by providing a variety of effective cures. Due to current therapeutic repurposing efforts against this newly discovered virus, we attempted to outline many plant-based compounds in this review to aid in the fight against SARS-CoV-2.

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Section: Is the Drug-repurposing Approach Sufficient? Or Novel Drug D...mentioning

confidence: 99%

An Attention towards the Prophylactic and Therapeutic Options of Phytochemicals for SARS-CoV-2: A Molecular Insight

et al. 2023

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Finding positive SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR in cerebrospinal fluid of two pediatric patients with severe COVID-19: a brief case report

et al. 2023

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Background There is growing evidence of nervous system involvement and related complaints in children with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). However, it seems that attempts to track of the virus in the nervous system have so far been unsuccessful. Case presentation Here we describe two pediatric cases of severe COVID-19 who had positive cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and nasopharyngeal polymerase chain reaction (PCR) tests for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus disease 2019 (SARS-CoV-2). A 36-month-old girl who presented with fever, diarrhea, mild left ventricular dysfunction and bizarre movements, and a five-month-old boy who presented with fever, watery diarrhea, severe dehydration, mottling, and two episodes of seizure. Their CSF analyses and cultures were normal. They admitted in intensive care unit (ICU) for near four days and discharged after ten days without any complaint. Conclusion This is one of the first reports of the presence of coronavirus in the central nervous system in COVID-19 pediatric patients, emphasizing the neurotropism and neuroinvasion characteristics of the virus.

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Empyema thoracic in a neonate co-infected with SARS-CoV-2 and staphylococcus arouse successfully treated with fibrinolysis: a brief report

Sabzevari,

Sinaei,

Gholami

et al. 2023

BMC Pediatr

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Background Empyema as a rare cause of respiratory distress in neonatal period has not yet been reported after Corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and even rarely in the context of bacterial infections is age group. Case Presentation The first neonate of quadruplets, resulting from Cesarean-Section of a 30-year-old mother without a history of previous illness, born at 34 weeks of gestation with a birth weight of 1600 gram. All four newborns were hospitalized; while the first one underwent nasal continuous positive airway pressure (N-CPAP) with a positive end-expiratory pressure of 6 and fractional inspired oxygen of 0.6, due to respiratory distress, noting a respiratory score of five out of 12.She was resuscitated one hour later due to bradycardia and underwent ventilator support. She received a single dose of pulmonary surfactant, intravenous paracetamol, and phenobarbital due to respiratory distress syndrome, Pectus Ductus Arteriosus, and unilateral clonic movements, respectively. In the lack of positive blood culture, she extubated two days later and breast-feeding was started. On day eight, she underwent high flow nasal cannula. On day 12, she suddenly developed respiratory distress, mottling, and abdominal distension, leading to N-CPAP and re-evaluation. The nasopharyngeal sampling for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) real time Polymerase chain reaction and the blood culture for staphylococcus aurous became positive. A large volume pleural effusion including septa and loculation in right hemi-thorax on chest computerized tomography scan and ultrasound was seen, necessitating to thoracotomy, which was not possible due to her general condition. Remdesivir was started and antibiotics changed to a more broad-spectrum coverage. Chest tube was inserted and Alteplase was injected for three consecutive days with beneficial effects. She had no problem for six-month follow up. Conclusion This was a case of empyema thoracic in the context of SARS-CoV-2 and Staphylococcus arouses co-infection. In our experience, it can be treated by chest drainage and fibrinolysis in neonatal period.

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Anti-rheumatic drugs as potential anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory agents against COVID-19: A systematic review

Cited by 4 publications

References 12 publications

An Attention towards the Prophylactic and Therapeutic Options of Phytochemicals for SARS-CoV-2: A Molecular Insight

An Attention towards the Prophylactic and Therapeutic Options of Phytochemicals for SARS-CoV-2: A Molecular Insight

Finding positive SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR in cerebrospinal fluid of two pediatric patients with severe COVID-19: a brief case report

Empyema thoracic in a neonate co-infected with SARS-CoV-2 and staphylococcus arouse successfully treated with fibrinolysis: a brief report

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