Anti-predator response of Eurasian red squirrels (Sciurus vulgaris) to predator calls of tawny owls (Strix aluco)

Randler, Christoph

doi:10.1016/j.mambio.2006.02.006

Mammalian Biology

2006

DOI: 10.1016/j.mambio.2006.02.006

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Anti-predator response of Eurasian red squirrels (Sciurus vulgaris) to predator calls of tawny owls (Strix aluco)

Christoph Randler

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Cited by 5 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 16 publications

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“…Turning to the first aspect, predation influences activities, such as feeding or maintenance behaviour (Randler 2006). Small songbirds, therefore, have to trade off starvation risk against predation.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Which species discovers novel food sources first? A camera trap study in a natural environment

Randler

2021

Avian Res

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Birds underlie a predation-starvation risk, and foraging should show a diurnal/circadian pattern. Camera traps were used to study visitation patterns and discovery of a novel food source in woodland birds in SW Germany. A total of 18 species occurred at feeders with nine of them being exploratory species. Great Tits (Parus major) discovered novel food sources first in most instances, and first discoveries occurred on average at 10:38, while it took 97 h for the first detection of the food source. Population size was correlated with discovery. The study supports the predation-starvation risk hypothesis with discovery of food sources in the morning.

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confidence: 99%

Which species discovers novel food sources first? A camera trap study in a natural environment

Randler

2021

Avian Res

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Seasonal variation in the activity pattern of red squirrels and their mammalian predators

Kalb,

Schlindwein,

Gottschalk

et al. 2024

Mamm Res

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Camera traps are a powerful tool to monitor the activity pattern of species over long time periods. Camera data can be used to analyze activity patterns of or temporal niche partitioning among species. Temporal niche partitioning plays an important role for species coexistence and is under constant evolutionary pressure from predator-prey relationships. Our study aimed to investigate temporal shifts in activity patterns of red squirrels and two mammalian predators, red fox and marten (Martes spec.). Previous studies yielded different activity patterns for these species depending on location, season, predator-prey interactions, and food- availability. We used camera traps to monitor the activity of squirrels, red fox and martens throughout a whole year in a mountainous forest in southwestern Germany. We also investigated a possible difference in activity among different color morphs as coloration in mammals is often associated with concealment, for squirrels, however, such an effect could not be demonstrated so far. We found a diurnal activity for squirrels in all seasons with a bimodal activity pattern during spring, trimodal in summer and unimodal in fall and winter. Activity patterns did not differ between black and red color morphs. The activity of the squirrels showed only low to moderate overlaps with fox and marten, but there was still slight variation among seasons. Activity overlaps were higher in spring and summer, which coincides with breeding season. Our results suggest that predators might adjust their activity during squirrel breeding season to increase the chance of preying on their offspring. Squirrels in turn could benefit by minimizing the activity overlap during wintertime when they are highly visible to predators as trees are leaf-free or even snow might enhance the contrast between them and their background. Lastly, our results indicate that temporal niche portioning among red squirrel, red fox and martens might be rather fine scaled.

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Artificial illumination reduces bait-take by small rainforest mammals

Bengsen

Leung

Lapidge³

et al. 2010

Applied Animal Behaviour Science

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Anti-predator response of Eurasian red squirrels (Sciurus vulgaris) to predator calls of tawny owls (Strix aluco)

Cited by 5 publications

References 16 publications

Which species discovers novel food sources first? A camera trap study in a natural environment

Which species discovers novel food sources first? A camera trap study in a natural environment

Seasonal variation in the activity pattern of red squirrels and their mammalian predators

Artificial illumination reduces bait-take by small rainforest mammals

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