Anti-platelet role of Korean ginseng and ginsenosides in cardiovascular diseases

Irfan, Muhammad; Kim, Minki; Rhee, Man Hee

doi:10.1016/j.jgr.2019.05.005

Cited by 66 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 71 publications

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“…Moreover, platelets contain dense (d) granules, including Ca 2+ , ATP, and serotonin, as well as alpha (a) granules packed with adhesive ligands including fibrinogen, fibronectin, and P-selectin. Secretion of these granules upon platelet activation further enhances platelet adhesion, shape change, and aggregation (Figure 8) (Estevez and Du, 2017;Irfan et al, 2020). The unceasing change in shape, which results in full activation of platelets, can be best observed under SEM.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ulmus parvifolia Modulates Platelet Functions and Inhibits Thrombus Formation by Regulating Integrin αIIbβ3 and cAMP Signaling

et al. 2020

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Background: The prevalence of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) is increasing at a high rate, and the available treatment options, sometimes, have complications which necessitates the need to develop safer and efficacious approaches. Ethnomedicinal applications reportedly reduce CVD risk. Ulmus parvifolia Jacq. (Ulmaceae) commonly known as Chinese Elm or Lacebark Elm, is native to China, Japan, and Korea. It exhibits anti-inflammatory, antiviral, and anticancer properties, but its anti-platelet properties have not yet been elucidated. Purpose: To investigate the pharmacological anti-platelet and anti-thrombotic effects of U. parvifolia bark extract. Study Design and Methods: Human and rat washed platelets were prepared; light transmission aggregometry and scanning electron microscopy was performed to assess platelet aggregation and the change in platelet shape, respectively. Intracellular calcium mobilization, ATP release, and thromboxane-B2 production were also measured. Integrin a IIb b 3 activation was analyzed in terms of fibrinogen binding, fibronectin adhesion, and clot retraction. The expression of MAPK, Src, and PI3K/Akt pathway proteins was examined. Cyclic nucleotide signaling pathway was evaluated via cAMP elevation and VASP phosphorylation. Anti-thrombotic activity of the extract was evaluated in vivo using an arteriovenous shunt rat model, whereas its effect on hemostasis in mice was assessed via bleeding time assay. Results: U. parvifolia extract significantly inhibited human and rat platelet aggregation in a dose-dependent manner along with inhibition of calcium mobilization, dense granule secretion, and TxB2 production. Integrin a IIb b 3 mediated inside-out and outside-in signaling events, as evidenced by the inhibition of fibrinogen binding, fibronectin adhesion, and clot retraction. The extract significantly reduced phosphorylation of Src,

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ulmus parvifolia Modulates Platelet Functions and Inhibits Thrombus Formation by Regulating Integrin αIIbβ3 and cAMP Signaling

et al. 2020

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“…Panax is named after the ancient Greek πᾶν (pân, "all") + ἄκoς (ákos, "cure"). As the Greeks name describes, ginseng and its derived compounds have been proven to have therapeutic functions in a tremendous scope of diseases, such as cancer [20], cardiovascular disorders [21], autoimmune disease [22], rheumatic diseases [23], obesity [24], ocular diseases [25], and inflammation [25]. Besides, they have also been proven to be capable of improving strategic learning [26] and resistance to stress [27].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

SQUAMOSA Promoter Binding Protein-Like (SPL) Gene Family: TRANSCRIPTOME-Wide Identification, Phylogenetic Relationship, Expression Patterns and Network Interaction Analysis in Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer

Jiang

et al. 2020

Plants

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SPL (SQUAMOSA promoter binding protein-like) gene family is specific transcription factor in the plant that have an important function for plant growth and development. Although the SPL gene family has been widely studied and reported in many various plant species from gymnosperm to angiosperm, there are no systematic studies and reports about the SPL gene family in Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer. In this study, we conducted transcriptome-wide identification, evolutionary analysis, structure analysis, and expression characteristics analysis of SPL gene family in Panax ginseng by bioinformatics. We annotated the PgSPL gene family and found that they might involve in multiple functions including encoding structural proteins, but the main function were still focused on the binding function. The result showed that 106 PgSPL transcripts were classified into two clades - A and B, both of which respectively consisted of three groups. Besides, we profiled PgSPL transcripts’ genotypic, temporal, and spatial expression characteristics. Furthermore, we calculated the correlation of PgSPL transcripts in the 14 tissues of a 4 years old ginseng and 42 farmers’ cultivars farmers’ cultivars of 4 years old ginsengs’ roots with both results showing that SPL transcripts formed a single network, which indicated that PgSPLs inter-coordinated when performing their functions. What’s more, we found that most PgSPL transcripts tended to express in older ginseng instead of younger ginseng, which was not only reflected in the expression of more types of SPL transcripts in older ginseng, but also in the higher expression of SPL transcripts in older ginseng. Additionally, we found that four PgSPL transcripts were only massively expressed in roots. According to PgSPL transcripts’ expression characteristics, we found that PgSPL23-35 and PgSPL24-09 were most proper two transcripts to further study as ginseng age’s molecular marker. These results provide the basis for further elucidation of the PgSPL transcripts’ biological function in ginseng and ginseng genetics improvement and gene breeding in the future.

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“…The mechanism by which platelet aggregation was inhibited by the carrot extract was not determined in this study but it is likely that the response may involve a similar mechanism to that of aspirin where TXA 2 production is blocked (Sangkuhl et al ., 2011). This mechanistic pathway was reported in previous studies where platelet aggregation was inhibited by antagonising TXA 2 formation (Irfan et al ., 2020). It is also possible that the observed antiplatelet aggregation activity of the carrot extract may be attributed to other compounds present such as β‐carotene or falcarindiol.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

In vitro and in vivo effects of carrot on human blood platelet aggregation

Herath

Paturi

Butts

et al. 2020

Int J of Food Sci Tech

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Anti-platelet role of Korean ginseng and ginsenosides in cardiovascular diseases

Cited by 66 publications

References 71 publications

Ulmus parvifolia Modulates Platelet Functions and Inhibits Thrombus Formation by Regulating Integrin αIIbβ3 and cAMP Signaling

Ulmus parvifolia Modulates Platelet Functions and Inhibits Thrombus Formation by Regulating Integrin αIIbβ3 and cAMP Signaling

SQUAMOSA Promoter Binding Protein-Like (SPL) Gene Family: TRANSCRIPTOME-Wide Identification, Phylogenetic Relationship, Expression Patterns and Network Interaction Analysis in Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer

In vitro and in vivo effects of carrot on human blood platelet aggregation

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