Anti-oxidant activity and major chemical component analyses of twenty-six commercially available essential oils

Abstract

This study analyzed 26 commercially available essential oils and their major chemical components to determine their antioxidant activity levels by measuring their total phenolic content (TPC), reducing power (RP), β-carotene bleaching (BCB) activity, trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC), and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl free radical scavenging (DFRS) ability. The clove bud and thyme borneol essential oils had the highest RP, BCB activity levels, and TPC values among the 26 commercial essential oils. Furthermore, of the 26 essential oils, the clove bud and ylang ylang complete essential oils had the highest TEAC values, and the clove bud and jasmine absolute essential oils had the highest DFRS ability. At a concentration of 2.5 mg/mL, the clove bud and thyme borneol essential oils had RP and BCB activity levels of 94.56% ± 0.06% and 24.64% ± 0.03% and 94.58% ± 0.01% and 89.33% ± 0.09%, respectively. At a concentration of 1 mg/mL, the clove bud and thyme borneol essential oils showed TPC values of 220.00 ± 0.01 and 69.05 ± 0.01 mg/g relative to gallic acid equivalents, respectively, and the clove bud and ylang ylang complete essential oils had TEAC values of 809.00 ± 0.01 and 432.33 ± 0.01 μM, respectively. The clove bud and jasmine absolute essential oils showed DFRS abilities of 94.13% ± 0.01% and 78.62% ± 0.01%, respectively. Phenolic compounds of the clove bud, thyme borneol and jasmine absolute essential oils were eugenol (76.08%), thymol (14.36%) and carvacrol (12.33%), and eugenol (0.87%), respectively. The phenolic compounds in essential oils were positively correlated with the RP, BCB activity, TPC, TEAC, and DFRS ability.

Salmonella enterica Control in Stick Carrots Through Incorporation of Coriander Seeds Essential Oil in Sustainable Washing Treatments

“…Further comparison of our results with literature data was not possible due to the different origin of vegetal matrix, AOC assays procedures and expression of results. However, the values obtained were comparable with those usually reported for essential oils (Ruiz-Navajas et al, 2013;Wang et al, 2017;Yashin et al, 2017).…”

Chemical Composition, Antimicrobial, and Antioxidant Activities of Two Moroccan Thymus Essential Oils

“…The results of total phenols in our study were found to be higher than the values reported in literature for [58]. The observed antioxidant potential should be addressed to the phenolic oil constituents such as thymol and carvacrol [59].…”

Chemical Composition and Antioxidant Activity of Steam-Distilled Essential Oil and Glycosidically Bound Volatiles from Maclura Tricuspidata Fruit

“…4) Not detected or larger retention indices than 3000 in Supelcowax 10 column. 5) Not detected or less than 1.0 µg/100 g. 6) Tentatively identified based on mass spectral data only due to lack of authentic standard compound. 7) Compounds used for antioxidant activity assays.…”

“…More recently, essential oils and some of their isolated components are increasingly being used in various commercial products such as foods, cosmetics, perfumes, household cleaning products and hygiene products, and medicinal applications [2]. These compounds have been reported to have various biological activities including antimicrobial, antioxidant, antiviral, antiplatelet, antithrombotic, antiallergic, anti-inflammatory, antimutagenic, and anticarcinogenic properties [4][5][6].…”