Anti-neuronal antibodies against brainstem antigens are associated with COVID-19

Lucchese, Guglielmo; Vogelgesang, Antje; Boesl, Fabian; Raafat, Dina; Holtfreter, Silva; Bröker, Barbara M.; Stufano, Angela; Fleischmann, Robert; Prüß, Harald; Franke, Christiana; Flöel, Agnes

doi:10.1016/j.ebiom.2022.104211

Cited by 15 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 60 publications

(87 reference statements)

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“…The susceptibility of hippocampal and brainstem cells to coronaviruses may increase the risk of COVID-19 patients developing impaired cognitive function later [ 51 ]. Additionally, SARS-CoV-2 has been shown to cause nervous system alterations not only through direct infection pathways (both neuronal and circulatory) but also through secondary hypoxia, immune-mediated tissue damage, procoagulative and prothrombotic states [ 52 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oxidative Damage and Post-COVID Syndrome: A Cross-Sectional Study in a Cohort of Italian Workers

Stufano

Isgrò

Palese

et al. 2023

IJMS

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In addition to the acute symptoms after infection, patients and society are also being challenged by the long-term effects of COVID-19, known as long COVID. Oxidative stress, as a pivotal point in the pathophysiology of COVID-19, could potentially be also involved in the development of the post-COVID syndrome. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the relationship between changes in oxidative status and the persistence of long-COVID symptoms in workers with a previous mild COVID-19 infection. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 127 employees of an Italian university (80 with a previous COVID-19 infection, and 47 healthy subjects). The TBARS assay was used to detect malondialdehyde serum levels (MDA), while total hydroperoxide (TH) production was measured by a d-ROMs kit. A significant difference in mean serum MDA values was found between previously infected subjects and healthy controls and (4.9 µm vs. 2.8 µm, respectively). Receiver–operating characteristic (ROC) curves showed high specificity and good sensibility (78.7% and 67.5%, respectively) for MDA serum levels. A random forest classifier identified the hematocrit value, MDA serum levels, and IgG titer against SARS-CoV-2 as features with the highest predictive value in distinguishing 34 long-COVID from 46 asymptomatic post-COVID subjects. Oxidative damage persists in subjects with previous COVID-19 infection, suggesting a possible role of oxidative stress mediators in the pathogenesis of long COVID.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oxidative Damage and Post-COVID Syndrome: A Cross-Sectional Study in a Cohort of Italian Workers

Stufano

Isgrò

Palese

et al. 2023

IJMS

Self Cite

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“…Antineuronal antibodies against brainstem antigens are associated with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) 5 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Second, mathematically the massive dimensions of such viral versus human peptide sharing are unexpected. In fact, assuming that all amino acids occur with the same frequency, the probability of 1 pentapeptide occurring in two proteins is 1 out of 20 5 (or 1 in 3,200,000 or 0.0000003125). That is, it is close to zero.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular Mimicry between Respiratory Syncytial Virus F Antigen and the Human Proteome

Kanduc

2023

Glob Med Genet

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This study examined respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) F glycoprotein (gp) antigen for molecular mimicry with the human proteome. It was found that the viral antigen presents an impressive number of pentapeptides (namely, 525 out of 570) in common with the human proteome, with viral sequences widely and repeatedly distributed among 3,762 human proteins implicated in crucial fundamental cellular functions. The data can have implications for anti-RSV vaccines. Indeed, the high level of molecular mimicry can lead to cross-reactivity and autoimmunity, and invites to follow safer vaccinal protocols based on pentapeptide sequences uniquely present in the viral antigen.

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“…In most cases with neurological involvement in COVID‐19, there is no evidence of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) infection [4]. There are, however, frequent reports of encephalitis ensuing acute infection, including presumed autoimmune encephalitis, but cases in which autoantibodies in CSF have been screened for and identified are few [5–8]. In addition, cases with myoclonia associated with COVID‐19 have been described [9–14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Myoclonus in patients with COVID‐19: Findings of autoantibodies against brain structures in cerebrospinal fluid

Lindqvist

Cunningham

Mulder

et al. 2023

Euro J of Neurology

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Background and purposeCOVID‐19 is associated with multiple neurological manifestations. The clinical presentation, trajectory, and treatment response for three cases of myoclonus during COVID‐19 infection, with no previous neurological disease, are decsribed.MetodsAnalysis of cerebrospinal fluid from the cases using indirect immunohistochemistry.ResultsAntibodies against rodent brain tissue, and similarities in staining patterns were observed, indicating the presence of antineuronal immunoglobulin G autoantibodies targeting astrocytes in the hippocampus.ConclusionOur results demontrate cerebrospinal fluid antineuronal antibodies indicating an an autoimmune involvment in the pathogenesis in COVID‐19 associated myoclonus.

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Anti-neuronal antibodies against brainstem antigens are associated with COVID-19

Cited by 15 publications

References 60 publications

Oxidative Damage and Post-COVID Syndrome: A Cross-Sectional Study in a Cohort of Italian Workers

Oxidative Damage and Post-COVID Syndrome: A Cross-Sectional Study in a Cohort of Italian Workers

Molecular Mimicry between Respiratory Syncytial Virus F Antigen and the Human Proteome

Myoclonus in patients with COVID‐19: Findings of autoantibodies against brain structures in cerebrospinal fluid

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