Anti‐Müllerian hormone as a marker of ovarian reserve: What have we learned, and what should we know?

Abstract

Ovarian reserve reflects the quality and quantity of available oocytes. This reserve has become indispensable for the better understanding of reproductive potential. Measurement of the serum anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) level allows quantitative evaluation of ovarian reserve. It has been applied to a wide range of clinical conditions, and it is well established that the measurement of serum AMH levels is more useful than qualitative evaluation based on the menstrual cycle. AMH levels are monitored during infertility treatments; in patients undergoing medically assisted reproductive technology; and in the diagnosis of ovarian failure, polycystic ovarian syndrome, and granulosa cell tumor. It is also useful in the evaluation of iatrogenic ovarian damage. Population-based studies have indicated a potential role for serum AMH in the planning of reproductive health management. While AMH is currently the best measure of ovarian reserve, its predictive value for future live births remains controversial. Furthermore, there is a serious practical issue in the interpretation of test results, as currently available assay kits use different assay ranges and coefficients of variation due to the absence of an international reference standard. The pros and cons of the serum AMH level as a definitive measure of ovarian reserve merits further review in order to guide future research.

Clinical application of serum anti‐Müllerian hormone as an ovarian reserve marker: A review of recent studies

“…Furthermore, the clinical implication of serum AMH outside assisted reproduction has accelerated since the demonstration of less intra‐ and intercycle variability in serum AMH during menstruation . Clinical applications of serum AMH measurement have included prediction of menopause in the general population, assessment of ovarian toxicity caused by surgery and chemotherapy, diagnosis of polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) and others . This wide‐ranging clinical application of AMH is reflected by the number of publications during the past two decades (Fig.…”

The Effect of Huyang Yangkun Formula on N6-methyladenosine Modification in 4-vinylcyclohexene diepoxide Induced Premature Ovarian Insufficiency Rats

“…In the VCD group, the numbers of primordial, preantral, and antral follicles, and the level of AMH in serum, were significantly down-regulated. As is well-known, AMH is a good predictor of ovarian reserve, which reflects the quality and quantity of the remaining follicles in the ovaries (Iwase et al, 2016). Therefore, the falling AMH and follicles number indicated that VCD induced ovarian insufficiency in the rats.…”

Сell-free D N A in follicular fluid of women with different parameters of ovarian function

“…У пациенток с нарушениями овариального резерва подобная задача становится фактически неразрешимой. Полученные нами данные показали сопряженность свДНК с уровнем сывороточного АМГ и количеством АФ, которые, по данным литературы, характеризуют овариальный резерв [16,18]. В частности, у женщин с повышенным уровнем АМГ (>6 нг/мл) регистрировалась наиболее высокая концентрация свДНК, при ýтом между указанными параметрами обнаруживалась прямая корреляционная взаимосвязь.…”

“…Оценка овариального резерва женщины является обязательным условием для подбора оптимального протокола стимуляции овуляции в программе вспомогательных репродуктивных технологий. Для ýтого перед вступлением в программу ýкстракорпорального оплодотворения (ЭКО) у женщины определяют уровень антимюллерового гормона (АМГ) и число антральных фолликулов (АФ) [16][17][18]. Однако определение ýтих показателей не во всех случаях позволяет правильно подобрать оптимальную дозу гонадотропинов для стимуляции овуляции, что чревато развитием опасного синдрома гиперстимуляции яичников.…”