Anti-MRSA Sesquiterpenes from the Semi-Mangrove Plant Myoporum bontioides A. Gray

Alkaloids are nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compounds typically isolated from plants. They represent one of the most important types of natural products because of their large number and structural diversity and complexity. Based on their chemical core structures, alkaloids are classified as isoquinolines, quinolines, indoles, piperidine alkaloids, etc. In-depth analyses of alkaloids have revealed their antibacterial activities. To date, due to the widespread use of antibiotics, the problem of drug-resistant bacterial infections has been gradually increasing, which severely affects the clinical efficacy of antibacterial therapies and patient safety. Therefore, significant research efforts are focused on alkaloids because they represent a potentially new type of natural antibiotic with a wide antibacterial spectrum, rare adverse reactions, and a low tendency to produce drug resistance. Their main antibacterial mechanisms include inhibition of bacterial cell wall synthesis, change in cell membrane permeability, inhibition of bacterial metabolism, and inhibition of nucleic acid and protein synthesis. This article reviews recent reports about the chemical structures and the antibacterial activities and mechanisms of alkaloids. The purpose is to solve the problem of bacterial resistance and to provide a certain theoretical basis and research ideas for the development of new antibacterial drugs.

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“…The MIC of the positive control vancomycin was 0.78 μg/mL. It is suggested that these two compounds can be used as new anti-MRSA drugs [ 41 ].…”

Section: Antibacterial Activity Of Different Types Of Natural Alkamentioning

confidence: 99%

Research Progress on Antibacterial Activities and Mechanisms of Natural Alkaloids: A Review

et al. 2021

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“…M. bontioides has been extensively investigated, the extract of which possessed a strong repellent activity against Plutella xylostella, and antifungal effect against Fusarium oxysporum, Sphaceloma fawcettii, Thielaviopsis paradoxa, Mycosphaerella sentina, Colletotrichum musae, Pestalotia mangiferae and Alternaria alternata [26,28,32], due to the presence of (−)-epingaione. It also exhibited anti-methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (anti-MRSA) activity, the isolated sesquiterpene alkaloids (Myoporumine A and B) as well as epingaione and dehydroepingaione of M. bontioides also exhibited potent anti-MRSA effect with MIC values close to that of the standard vancomycin [17]. Additionally, the flavones of M. bontioides including 3,4`dimethoxy-3`,5,7-trihydroxyflavone exhibited potent antiproliferative effect against breast cancer cell line MCF-7 [24], While (2R,3R)-3,5,7-trihydroxyflavanone-3-acetate showed potent antifungal activity against Magnaporthe grisea [33].…”

Section: Biological Activities Of Myoporum Spp Secondary Metabolitesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Gray is native to Japan, where they are regarded as endangered plants [12,13]. Like all Myoporaceous members, Myoporum species are rich in flavonoids; and phenylethanoids; terpenoids, iridoids and alkaloid contents [3,[12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19]. Besides these secondary metabolites, most of myoporum species are characterized by secretory ducts that secrete essential oil mixture.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The wood of M. laetum and M. sandwicenes are used as timber in New Zealand Hawaiian [4,10]. M. bontioides, has been used in folk medicine as antidermatitis, anti-bacterial, antipyretic, anti-pulpitis, antipsychotic, relieving restlessness, anti-inflammatory, treating sciatica and detoxicant [4,17,24,25] in Northwest China. Additionally, Myoporum spp.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Phytochemistry, Pharmacological Potency, and Potential Toxicity of Myoporum spp.

Musa¹

2021

Rec.Nat.Prod.

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Genus Myoporum family Myoporaceae, includes approximately 32 species of woody small trees or shrubs, most of them are native to Australia and surrounding territories. Only certain species have been thoroughly studied and rich in flavonoids, phenylethanoids, Phenylpropanoids, terpenoids, iridoids, essential oil, and trace alkaloids. The essential oils are characterized by sesquiterpenes type components, either in ketone or alcoholic forms usually combined to a furanoid moiety. Myoporum spp. have been utilized in folk medicine for treatment of various diseases and were used as antidermatitis, antibacterial, antipyretic, anti-pulpitis, antipsychotic, anti-inﬂammatory, detoxicant, and others. Despite all these benefits, Myoporum spp. must be cautiously employed due to their potential toxicities, which arise from the presence of furanosesquiterpenoid contents, particularly in their essential oil. The toxicity influences liver and can extend to kidney and lung causing injury. The present review aims to explore the phytochemistry, beneficial uses and the toxic potentials of Myoporum spp.

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“…Compounds sourced from natural products (NPs) have proven to be promising in the discovery and development of novel antimicrobial drugs [ 13 , 14 ]. These compounds are obtained from living organisms, such as bacteria, fungi, plants, and marine microorganisms [ 15 , 16 ].…”

Section: Natural Products In Antimicrobial Drug Discoverymentioning

confidence: 99%

Cheminformatic Characterization of Natural Antimicrobial Products for the Development of New Lead Compounds

2021

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The growing antimicrobial resistance (AMR) of pathogenic organisms to currently prescribed drugs has resulted in the failure to treat various infections caused by these superbugs. Therefore, to keep pace with the increasing drug resistance, there is a pressing need for novel antimicrobial agents, especially from non-conventional sources. Several natural products (NPs) have been shown to display promising in vitro activities against multidrug-resistant pathogens. Still, only a few of these compounds have been studied as prospective drug candidates. This may be due to the expensive and time-consuming process of conducting important studies on these compounds. The present review focuses on applying cheminformatics strategies to characterize, prioritize, and optimize NPs to develop new lead compounds against antimicrobial resistance pathogens. Moreover, case studies where these strategies have been used to identify potential drug candidates, including a few selected open-access tools commonly used for these studies, are briefly outlined.

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Anti-MRSA Sesquiterpenes from the Semi-Mangrove Plant Myoporum bontioides A. Gray

Cited by 24 publications

References 31 publications

Research Progress on Antibacterial Activities and Mechanisms of Natural Alkaloids: A Review

Research Progress on Antibacterial Activities and Mechanisms of Natural Alkaloids: A Review

Phytochemistry, Pharmacological Potency, and Potential Toxicity of Myoporum spp.

Cheminformatic Characterization of Natural Antimicrobial Products for the Development of New Lead Compounds

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