Anti-Microbial Peptides and Their Speculative Role in Periodontitis

Ved, Vinita; Fernandes, Gabriela

doi:10.26717/bjstr.2017.01.000554

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 46 publications

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“…These peptides are directly secreted from the intestinal crypts into the lumen. They protect intestinal stem cells and regulate the composition of the intestinal microbiota [19,20]. Increased concentration of HD-5 in male urethral tract is a marker for Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Chlamydia trachomatis infections [21].…”

Section: Subclasses and Antimicrobial Activity Of Hds A-defensinsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antimicrobial activity, mechanism of action, and methods for stabilisation of defensins as new therapeutic agents

Amerikova

Tibi

Maslarska

et al. 2019

Biotechnology & Biotechnological Equipment

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Bioactive compounds, such as antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), have increasingly been used recently to counteract the rapidly increasing incidence of bacterial resistance to usual antibiotics and chemotherapeutics. In humans, endogenous AMPs are part of the immune system and act against pathogens. Defensins compose a class of AMPs that have activity against gram-positive and-negative bacteria, viruses, and fungi. For some, antitumour activity has also been reported. Such characteristics indicate that they represent a potential new class of therapeutic agents against microorganisms, including multidrug resistant pathogens. However, pH and enzymatic degradation and variable tissue distribution of these compounds limit their clinical application. New technologies and different methods have been developed to overcome these limitations and increase their half-life, such as cyclization, lipidation, design of peptidomimetics, synthesis of hybrid peptides, and use of nanocarriers. The objective of this review was to analyse current applications of defensins as antimicrobial agents and their mechanism of action. Moreover, new technologies and methods for stabilizing defensins are discussed.

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Section: Subclasses and Antimicrobial Activity Of Hds A-defensinsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antimicrobial activity, mechanism of action, and methods for stabilisation of defensins as new therapeutic agents

Amerikova

Tibi

Maslarska

et al. 2019

Biotechnology & Biotechnological Equipment

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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Fathoming the Role of Host Defence Peptides in Periodontal Health and Disease

Guruprasad

Bhavani

Ramadevi

2021

MRD

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The periodontal epithelium neighbouring the tooth is precise to form a seal and attachment around the tooth. This function is challenged by development of bacterial biofilm and the host response to biofilm bacteria and their toxins leading to certain vulnerabilities allied with periodontal disease. Oral epithelial cells counters the microbial challenges from dental plaque by the production of host defence peptides (HDP's), chemokines and cytokines that boost inflammation and immune response of periodontal tissues. Host defence peptides are diverse group of biologically active molecules with multidimensional properties. Besides their direct antimicrobial function, they have multiple roles as mediators of inflammation with impact on epithelial and inflammatory cells influencing diverse processes such as cytokine release, cell proliferation, angiogenesis, wound healing, chemotaxis, immune induction, and protease-antiprotease balance. In the oral cavity, the HDPs are produced by the salivary glands and the oral epithelium and they are Defensins and Cathelicidin. This mini review summarizes the current understanding of various oral host defence peptides involved in maintaining balance between periodontal health and disease.

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Antimicrobial peptides — the first line of immune defense of the oral mucous membranes

El-Abed¹,

Свитич²

2022

Sanitary Doctor

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Inflammatory diseases of the oral cavity are a serious medical and social problem, which is caused by a large variety of opportunistic bacteria and an increase in the resistance of microorganisms to antibiotics in the treatment of various nosological forms. One of these common diseases of the oral mucosa is periodontitis. Among bacteria, Actinobacillus actinomycetem comitans, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Tannerella forsythia, Treponema denticola, Fusobacterium nucleatum, Eubacterium nodatum, Prevotella intermedia and Prevotella nigrescens have a leading influence on the development of periodontitis. Timely detection and treatment of periodontitis prevents the development of more serious periodontal diseases. A large number of microbes, penetrating into the oral cavity, are neutralized on the mucous membrane. Antimicrobial peptides play an important role in protecting against opportunistic pathogens on the oral mucosa. The review considers in detail three main classes of antimicrobial peptides: cathelicidins, defensins, and histatins. A detailed analysis of the production of the main antimicrobial peptides of the oral cavity in periodontitis was carried out. It has been shown that in the acute and chronic course of diseases of the oral cavity, the synthesis of some antimicrobial peptides decreases, while others increase. The knowledge gained can be used to develop therapeutic drugs based on antimicrobial peptides. Changes in the secretion of antimicrobial peptides, as well as tissue destruction products resulting from inflammation in the oral cavity, are potential targets for diagnosing diseases of the oral cavity. Therefore, the production of antimicrobial peptides in periodontitis indicates that this class of proteins can be used not only for treatment, but also for the diagnosis of periodontal diseases.

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Anti-Microbial Peptides and Their Speculative Role in Periodontitis

Cited by 3 publications

References 46 publications

Antimicrobial activity, mechanism of action, and methods for stabilisation of defensins as new therapeutic agents

Antimicrobial activity, mechanism of action, and methods for stabilisation of defensins as new therapeutic agents

Fathoming the Role of Host Defence Peptides in Periodontal Health and Disease

Antimicrobial peptides — the first line of immune defense of the oral mucous membranes

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