Anti-microbial, Anti-oxidant, and Anti-thrombosis Activities of the Lees of Bokbunja Wine (Rubus coreanus Miquel)

Abstract

The immature fruit of Rubus coreanus Miquel (bokbunja in Korean) is mainly consumed as a fruit wine due to its sour taste and low sugar content. The lees (LBW) remaining after the production of bokbunja wine are discarded as they have no specific usage. The aim of this study was to develop high-value-added biomaterials for functional foods and beauty/health products by investigating the anti-microbial, anti-oxidant, and anti-thrombosis activities of LBW using ethanol and hot water extracts and their subsequent organic solvent fractions. The ethyl acetate (EA) fraction of LBW extracts has a high polyphenol content (413-459 mg/g), and showed strong anti-microbial activity against gram-positive bacteria. The EA fraction also showed excellent radical-scavenging activity against DPPH anion, ABTS cation, and nitrite, with strong reducing power. The polyphenol-enriched EA fraction strongly inhibited thrombin, prothrombin, and blood coagulation factors. The butanol fraction showed a specific inhibition of coagulation factors, as measured in activated partial thromboplastin time assay, which is linked to intrinsic blood coagulation. The butanol fraction also showed strong inhibition of platelet aggregation, at levels comparable to aspirin. The residue of the hot-water extract, which is produced by sequential solvent fractionation of the LBW extract, showed superior inhibition against platelet aggregation when compared to aspirin. Our results suggest that the LBW, which are currently discarded, are a promising source of novel functional foods and beauty/health products.Key words : Anti-microbial, anti-oxidant, anti-thrombosis, lees of bokbunja, Rubus coreanus Miquel *Corresponding author *Tel : +82-54-820-5491, Fax : +82-54-820-7804 *E-mail : hysohn@anu.ac.kr, This is an Open-Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Natural Extracts as Inhibitors of Microorganisms and Lipid Oxidation in Emulsion Sausage during Storage

“…These results indicate that polyphenols and phlorotannins from natural resources could be used as anti-bacterial agents in foods ( Choi et al, 2014 ). Rubus coreanus contains anthocyanins, which have antimicrobial effects, and can inhibit E. coli and gram-positive bacteria ( Jang et al, 2019 ; Kim et al, 2015 ). In 2001, C. perfringens was reported to be inhibited by N. nucifera extracts ( Kim et al, 2001 ); however, most previous studies have evaluated the antimicrobial activity of extracts against L. monocytogenes , Salmonella spp., and E. coli , and few studies have evaluated antimicrobial activity against C. perfringens .…”

Anti-Thrombosis Activity of Sinapic Acid Isolated from the Lees of Bokbunja Wine

“…during platelet aggregation) were determined [7]. As shown in Table 2, aspirin showed potent aggregation inhibition in a concentration-dependent manner.…”

“…It shows various biological activities, such as antioxidant [3,4], antibacterial [16], chemo-preventive anticancer [1], anti-inflammatory [19,20], anti-hyperglycemic [2], and peroxynitrite scavenging activities [21]. It is also famous for anxiolytic [18], neuroprotective [5,7], and cognition-improving activities [5,15] and protective effect on neural damage against toxic chemicals [6,9,11,12]. Although the protective effect of sinapic acid against heart ischemia/reperfusion injury is recently reported [17], the anti-coagulation and platelet aggregation inhibitory activities of sinapic acid are not reported.…”

Application of the Lees of Domestic Traditional Wine and its Useful Biological Activity

“…1A). 한편, 기존의 보고된 주박의 생리활성으로는 항산화 활성 [14,17,20,21,27]이 가장 많으며, 최근에는 항혈전 [14,15,16,17], 항염증 [7,30,31,34,38], 항균 [14,15,20] 및 암세포 성장억제 활성 [7,8,38]들이 보고되고 있다. 그 외, 항주름 및 미백활성 [26,37], 항당뇨 [10,18], 알러지 감소 [9], 항비만 및 고혈압 억제 활성 [22,25,34]도 알려져 있어(Fig.…”