Anti‐metastasis effect of PA‐22 in oral squamous cell carcinoma HSC‐3 cells

Abstract

Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is one of the most common head and neck cancers. In the present study, human oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) cell lines HSC‐4 were used to evaluate the effects of PA‐22 on the cell cycle and the invasion activity. PA‐22, is isolated from Chinese medicine herb physalis anagata with respect to tumor growth, invasion in OSCC model. PA‐22 treated HSC‐4 cells dose and time‐dependently by MTT assay, Flow cytometry, DAPI assay, DNA Ladder assay, Comet assay, and Western blot. PA‐22 treatment triggered the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway indicated by a change in Bax/Bcl‐2 ratios, resulting in mitochondrial membrane potential loss, cytochrome c release, and active caspases. We also found Matrigel invasion assay revealed that the invasiveness of HSC‐3 was suppressed by treatment with PA‐22. It down‐regulate the secretion of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) to culture supernatant as well as the expression of MMP proteins. These results indicate that PA‐22 is a novel candidate agent for the treatment of oral cancer.