Anti-instinctive Learning Behavior Revealed by Locomotion-Triggered Mild Heat Stress in Drosophila

Sun, Ruichen; Delly, Joseph; Sereno, Emily; Wong, Sean; Chen, Xinyu; Wang, Yuxuan; Huang, Yan; Greenspan, Ralph J.

doi:10.3389/fnbeh.2020.00041

Cited by 9 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 67 publications

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“…In addition, 5-HT1B mediates hemocyte phagocytosis and serotonergic signaling performs critical modulatory functions in immune systems. Moreover, 5-HT7 and Dop2R were shown to be associated with learning ability (77,78) and octopamine receptors were required for ovulation in D. melanogaster (79). The ligands of neuropeptide and protein hormone receptors and the B1 subfamily belong to neuropeptides, which also play an important role in the regulation of development, reproduction, feeding, courtship, aggression, olfaction, locomotor activity, circadian rhythm, and many other physiological processes in insects (21,80,81).…”

Section: Gpcrs Gene Expansion Occurred In a Lucorummentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification and Expression Analysis of G Protein-Coupled Receptors in the Miridae Insect Apolygus lucorum

Gao

Wang

et al. 2021

Front. Endocrinol.

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G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are the largest and most versatile family of transmembrane receptors in the cell and they play a vital role in the regulation of multiple physiological processes. The family Miridae (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) is one of the most diverse families of insects. Until now, information on GPCRs has been lacking in Miridae. Apolygus lucorum, a representative species of the Miridae, is an omnivorous pest that occurs worldwide and is notorious for causing serious damage to various crops and substantial economic losses. By searching the genome, 133 GPCRs were identified in A. lucorum. Compared with other model insects, we have observed GPCR genes to be remarkably expanded in A. lucorum, especially focusing on biogenic amine receptors and neuropeptide receptors. Among these, there is a novel large clade duplicated from known FMRFamide receptors (FMRFaRs). Moreover, the temporal and spatial expression profiles of the 133 genes across developmental stages were determined by transcriptome analysis. Most GPCR genes showed a low expression level in the whole organism of A. lucorum. However, there were a few highly expressed GPCR genes. The highly expressed LW opsins in the head probably relate to nocturning of A. lucorum, and the expression of Cirl at different times and in different tissues indicated it may be involved in growth and development of A. lucorum. We also found C2 leucine-rich repeat-containing GPCRs (LGRs) were mainly distributed in Hemiptera and Phthiraptera among insects. Our study was the first investigation on GPCRs in A. lucorum and it provided a molecular target for the regulation and control of Miridae pests.

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Section: Gpcrs Gene Expansion Occurred In a Lucorummentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification and Expression Analysis of G Protein-Coupled Receptors in the Miridae Insect Apolygus lucorum

Gao

Wang

et al. 2021

Front. Endocrinol.

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“…This study is one in a long tradition of pitting innate or preferred responses against learned responses in animals (Andrade et al, 2001; de Haan, 1940; Kelber, 2002; Sun et al, 2020; Swihart & Swihart, 1970; Szymanski, 1912). We hope that by demonstrating clear differences and commonalities between human responses and those of an invertebrate model, this work encourages the field to also consider studies on invertebrates to gain new perspective and insights into anti-instinctive learning and conflict interference.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Conflict interference in an insect.

Czaczkes

Berger²,

Koch

et al. 2022

Journal of Comparative Psychology

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Response conflicts occur when the correct goal-congruent response is weaker than an alternative but incorrect response. To overcome response conflicts, the stronger response has to be inhibited, making the study of response conflicts an important research topic in higher order cognition. Response conflicts often result in conflict interference-an increase in error rates and response times. Here, we ask whether an invertebrate-the ant, Lasius niger-can solve such response conflicts and, if so, whether it suffers from conflict interference. We also ask whether ants show congruency sequence effects, where subjects show transiently reduced conflict inference when conflicts repeat. We developed task-mimicking aspects of the Stroop color-word test, in which ants must learn to follow a neutral cue (a scent) on a Y maze but ignore a dominant and innately meaningful signal (a pheromone trail). The pheromone can be congruent with the scent cue (lead to the same maze arm) or be incongruent. Both accuracy and task-solving latency suffered when the information sources were incongruent. There was no evidence of congruency sequence effects. Because of limitations of the experimental design, we cannot rule out that insects would also show a congruency sequence effect under a different experimental paradigm. Although the methodology is not directly comparable to human studies, the presence of clear conflict interference suggests parallels between insect and human information processing, in spite of completely different brains. This powerful and straightforward methodology opens the possibility of exploring conflict interference in the presence of prepotent response tendencies in an invertebrate model. We hope this work encourages the field of response competition to use the vast literature on response competition in animal behavior studies.

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“…One possibility is that heightened activity during movement may enable these DANs to get in a more excitable state in which even a little external sensory cue will activate them to modulate behavioral decisions. The behavioral state (e.g., moving vs. grooming) could be important information in itself for further decisions, and dopamine could carry operant learning signals (Sun et al 2020). Studies looking at the precise timing of activation as well as what aspect of the behavior is coded (for example whether DANs represent just walking or not, the speed of the walk or even the trajectory) will help answer this question.…”

Section: Dans Respond To Movementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dopamine modulation of sensory processing and adaptive behavior in flies

2021

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Behavioral flexibility for appropriate action selection is an advantage when animals are faced with decisions that will determine their survival or death. In order to arrive at the right decision, animals evaluate information from their external environment, internal state, and past experiences. How these different signals are integrated and modulated in the brain, and how context- and state-dependent behavioral decisions are controlled are poorly understood questions. Studying the molecules that help convey and integrate such information in neural circuits is an important way to approach these questions. Many years of work in different model organisms have shown that dopamine is a critical neuromodulator for (reward based) associative learning. However, recent findings in vertebrates and invertebrates have demonstrated the complexity and heterogeneity of dopaminergic neuron populations and their functional implications in many adaptive behaviors important for survival. For example, dopaminergic neurons can integrate external sensory information, internal and behavioral states, and learned experience in the decision making circuitry. Several recent advances in methodologies and the availability of a synaptic level connectome of the whole-brain circuitry of Drosophila melanogaster make the fly an attractive system to study the roles of dopamine in decision making and state-dependent behavior. In particular, a learning and memory center—the mushroom body—is richly innervated by dopaminergic neurons that enable it to integrate multi-modal information according to state and context, and to modulate decision-making and behavior.

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Anti-instinctive Learning Behavior Revealed by Locomotion-Triggered Mild Heat Stress in Drosophila

Cited by 9 publications

References 67 publications

Identification and Expression Analysis of G Protein-Coupled Receptors in the Miridae Insect Apolygus lucorum

Identification and Expression Analysis of G Protein-Coupled Receptors in the Miridae Insect Apolygus lucorum

Conflict interference in an insect.

Dopamine modulation of sensory processing and adaptive behavior in flies

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