Anti-Influenza Virus Activity and Chemical Components from the Parasitic Plant Cuscuta japonica Choisy on Dimocarpus longans Lour.

Abstract

Dodder (Cuscuta spp.) is a parasitic weed damaging many plants and agricultural production. The native obligate parasite Cuscuta japonica Choisy (Japanese dodder) parasitizes Dimocarpus longans Lour., Ficus septica Burm. F., Ficus microcarpa L.f., Mikania micrantha H.B.K. and Melia azedarach Linn, respectively. Five Japanese dodders growing on different plants exhibit slightly different metabolites and amounts which present different pharmacological effects. Among these plants, a significant antiviral activity against influenza A virus (IAV) was found in Japanese dodder parasitizing on D. longans Lour. (CL). To further explore methanol extract components in Japanese dodder (CL), four undescribed aromatic glycosides, cuscutasides A–D (compounds 1–4) were isolated, together with twenty-six known compounds 5–30. The chemical structures of 1–4 were elucidated using a combination of spectroscopic techniques. The eighteen isolated compounds were evaluated for antiviral activity against IAV activity. Among them, 1-monopalmitin (29) displayed potent activity against influenza A virus (A/WSN/1933(H1N1)) with EC50 2.28 ± 0.04 μM and without noteworthy cytotoxicity in MDCK cells. The interrupt step of 29 on the IAV life cycle was determined. These data provide invaluable information for new applications for this otherwise harmful weed.

Exhaustive Plant Profile of “Dimocarpus longan Lour” with Significant Phytomedicinal Properties: A Literature Based-Review

“…Apriyanto et al (2015) [34] reported that the longan tree leaf extract possesses activity towards the hepatitis-C virus and minimizing of death rate. Anti-influenza activity has also been noted by the chemical components from the parasitic plant on Dimocarpus longan Lour [35].…”

“…Consequently, inflammation and inflammation-mediated diseases are minimized via mediating the H 2 O extract of longan pericarp [33]. Longan leaf extract and specific extracted chemical components possess significant activity towards the HCV (hepatitis-C virus) and influenza virus infection, respectively [34,35]; lipopolysaccharide (LP-1, 2) derived from the longan pulp possesses immunomodulatory activity [12]. Here, ellagic acid showed the most potent anti-fungal activity, longan seeds have better anti-fungal activity against opportunistic yeast, for example, Candida species and Cryptococcus neoformans [36].…”

Comparison of Growth and Chemical Profile of Diatom Skeletonema grevillei in Bioreactor and Incubation-Shaking Cabinet in Two Growth Phases

“…Cardioprotective, neuroprotectiv anti-inflammatory, anticancer antimicrobial and antioxidative [43 7. 1-monopalmitin C19H38O4 Antiviral [47] Cardioprotective, neuroprotective, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, antimicrobial and antioxidative [43][44][45][46] 7.…”

“…Cardioprotective, neuroprotectiv anti-inflammatory, anticancer, antimicrobial and antioxidative [43 7. 1-monopalmitin C19H38O4 Antiviral [47] Antiviral [47] 8. 24 8.…”