Anti-inflammatory potential of dichloromethane leaf extracts of Eucalyptus globulus (Labill) and Senna didymobotrya (Fresenius) in mice

Abstract

Background: Inflammation is an immune response characterized by swelling, redness, pain and heat. Inflammation is main- ly managed using conventional medicines that are associated with many side effects. Plant-based remedies are considerably better alternative therapies for they have fewer side effects.
 Objective: This study aimed at determining the anti-inflammatory potential of dichloromethane (DCM) leaf extracts of Eucalyptus globulus and Senna didymobotrya in mice.
 Methods: Fresh leaves of these plants were harvested from Embu County, Kenya. Quantitative phytochemical analysis was done using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). Anti-inflammatory test comprised nine groups of five animals each: normal, negative, positive controls and 6 experimental groups. Inflammation was induced with Carrageenan. One hour post-treatment, the different groups were intraperitoneally administered with the reference drug, diclofenac, 3% DMSO and six DCM leaf extracts at doses of 25, 50, 100, 150, 200 and 250mg/kgbw.
 Results: GC-MS results revealed α-phellandrene, camphene, terpinolene, and limonene among others. Anti-inflammatory effects showed that extract doses of 100,150,200 and 250mg/kg bw significantly reduced the inflamed paw. Doses of 200 and 250mg/kgbw in both plants were more potent and compared with diclofenac. E. globulus extract dose of 250mg kg bw reduced inflamed paw in the 1st , 2nd, 3rd and 4th hours, by 2.27,6.52,9.09 and 10.90% respectively while S.didymobotrya at similar dose ranges, inflamed paw reduced by 2.41, 5.43, 8.31 and 9.05% respectively.
 Conclusion: E. globulus and S. didymobotrya have potent anti-inflammatory activities, attributed to their constituent phyto- chemicals. This study confirms the traditional use of these plants in treating inflammation.
 Keywords: Eucalyptus globulus; Senna didymobtrya; inflammation; phytochemicals.

In Silico PASS Predictions and Exploration of Antioxidant and Anti-inflammatory Activity of Citrus Karna Raf. Fruit

“…CKME exhibited inhibition of carrageenan-induced paw edema similar to that of standard drugs such as diclofenac and indomethacin. Because of the presence of phytochemicals that inhibit cyclooxygenase, which in turn inhibits prostaglandin synthesis, CKME may inhibit the inflammation generated by carrageenan 37 . This effect may be due to the presence of flavonoids because they can mitigate the inflammatory process through various mechanisms.…”

Anti-inflammatory mechanisms of eucalyptol rich Eucalyptus globulus essential oil alone and in combination with flurbiprofen

“…Carrageenan-induced inflammation is a two phase process as reported by various scientists. The early phase involves release of serotonin, histamine and other mediators followed by the release and subsequent degrading actions of lysosomes, prostaglandins and proteases on tissue cells (Cronstein et al 1999 ; Mworia et al 2021 ; Pillinger et al 1998 ). Histamine released during an acute inflammatory phase increases vascular permeability, draws neutrophils at the site of inflammation where exudate forms, and works in conjunction with prostaglandins to promote oedema.…”

Phytochemical Screening and In Vitro Evaluation of the Antioxidant Potential of Dichloromethane Extracts of Strychnos henningsii Gilg. and Ficus sycomorus L.

“…Globally, several plants have been traditionally used for their antioxidant activities [36,37]. Ethno-pharmacological surveys indicate that medicinal plants play a vital role in the management of oxidative stress-related disorders [38,39]. Plant extracts naturally possess phytochemicals such as favonoids, tannins, phenols, and alkaloids [40], which are well-known antioxidants and are currently pursued as alternative and complementary remedies against oxidative stress-related disorders [41].…”