Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Resveratrol on Human Retinal Pigment Cells and a Myopia Animal Model

Abstract

Resveratrol is a key component of red wine and other grape products. Recent studies have characterized resveratrol as a polyphenol, and shown its beneficial effects on cancer, metabolism, and infection. This study aimed to obtain insights into the biological effects of resveratrol on myopia. To this end, we examined its anti-inflammatory influence on human retinal pigment epithelium cells and in a monocular form deprivation (MFD)-induced animal model of myopia. In MFD-induced myopia, resveratrol increased collagen I level and reduced the expression levels of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)2, transforming growth factor (TGF)-β, and nuclear factor (NF)-κB expression levels. It also suppressed the levels of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-6, and IL-1β. Resveratrol exhibited no significant cytotoxicity in ARPE-19 cells. Downregulation of inflammatory cytokine production, and inhibition of AKT, c-Raf, Stat3, and NFκB phosphorylation were observed in ARPE-19 cells that were treated with resveratrol. In conclusion, the findings suggest that resveratrol inhibits inflammatory effects by blocking the relevant signaling pathways, to ameliorate myopia development. This may make it a natural candidate for drug development for myopia.

The Role of Resveratrol in Eye Diseases—A Review of the Literature

“…Collagen disorders are exacerbated by the activation of the nuclear factor-κB, which increases the expression of matrix metalloproteinase 2 while reducing the activity of the tissue MMP2 inhibitor [ 120 ]. Hsu et al found shorter eyes in hamsters treated with RSV than in the group that had not been treated with RSV [ 121 ]. A decrease in resveratrol-treated eyes has been observed in myopia-related tissue remodeling proteins and the expression of inflammatory cytokines (NFκB, TGF-β, MMP2, TNFα, IL-6, and IL-1β).…”

“…In addition, collagen I expression increase in eyes treated with resveratrol was noted. This might suggest that resveratrol exhibits a regulation pattern similar to atropine [ 121 ].…”

Effects of air pollution on myopia: an update on clinical evidence and biological mechanisms

“…Inflammatory cytokines IL-6 and TNF-α in the retina may serve as triggers to initiate MMP-2 activity in the retina, followed by sclera (Yuan et al 2019 ), causing progressive scleral remodeling and myopia. Moreover, resveratrol, a naturally occurring antioxidant, has been shown to ameliorate myopia development by blocking the relevant signaling pathways of inflammatory effects above (Hsu et al 2021 ; Jiang et al 2019 ; Wei et al 2019 ).…”

The Utilization of Physiologically Active Molecular Components of Grape Seeds and Grape Marc

“…Proanthocyanidins and resveratrol enhance the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in pigment cell culture [ 124 , 125 ] and animal model (hamsters) [ 126 ].…”