Anti-inflammatory effects of peripheral benzodiazepine receptor ligands in two mouse models of inflammation

Torres, Sandra Regina; Fröde, Tânia Sílvia; Nardi, Geisson Marcos; Vita, Natalio; Reeb, Rennée; Ferrara, Pascual; Ribeiro‐do‐Valle, Rosa Maria; Farges, Roseli

doi:10.1016/s0014-2999(00)00760-3

Cited by 121 publications

(84 citation statements)

References 76 publications

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“…TSPO is mainly localized in the outer mitochondrial membrane and has multiple functions (14 (15,16). In addition, TSPO ligands have been identified to exert neuroprotective effects and reduce neural inflammation in the CNS (17,18). In rats, ligand binding stimulates the cholesterol transfer function of TSPO.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Etifoxine promotes glial-derived neurotrophic factor-induced neurite outgrowth in PC12 cells

Zhou

et al. 2013

Molecular Medicine Reports

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Abstract. Nerve regeneration and functional recovery are major issues following nerve tissue damage. Etifoxine is currently under investigation as a therapeutic strategy for promoting neuroprotection, accelerating axonal regeneration and modulating inflammation. In the present study, a well-defined PC12 cell model was used to explore the underlying mechanism of etifoxine-stimulated neurite outgrowth. Etifoxine was found to promote glial-derived growth factor (GDNF)-induced neurite outgrowth in PC12 cells. Average axon length increased from 50.29±9.73 to 22.46±5.62 µm with the use of etifoxine. However, blockage of GDNF downstream signaling was found to lead to the loss of this phenomenon. The average axon length of the etifoxine group reduces to a normal level after the blockage of the GDNF family receptor α1 (GFRα1) and receptor tyrosine kinase (RETS) receptors (27.46 ± 3.59 vs. 22.46 ± 5.62 µm and 25.31±3.68 µm vs. 22.46±5.62 µm, respectively, p>0.05). In addition, etifoxine markedly increased GDNF mRNA and protein expression (1.55-and 1.36-fold, respectively). However, blockage was not found to downregulate GDNF expression. The results of the current study demonstrated that etifoxine stimulated neurite outgrowth via GDNF, indicating that GDNF represents a key molecule in etifoxine-stimulated neurite outgrowth in PC12 cells. IntroductionTraumatic injury to peripheral nerves results in considerable loss of sensory and motor function, decreasing quality of life in patients (1). Peripheral nerve injuries substantially impact quality of life through loss of function and increased risk of secondary disabilities from falls, fractures and other injuries. Several research groups have attempted to improve the regeneration of traumatized nerves by developing favorable microsurgical techniques. However, clinicians soon noted that despite advancement in these techniques, complete recovery is rarely achieved (2,3). Therefore, complete recovery remains an important clinical challenge for the improvement of functional recovery following peripheral nerve injury. In a discussion of future trends in the management of brachial plexus injuries, Birch hypothesized that the administration of nerve growth factor may represent a useful treatment strategy (4).Neurotrophic factors are important in a number of biological processes, including survival, proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis of neurons in the nervous system (5-7). However, direct use of trophic factors in clinical practice is extremely challenging as they are difficult to administer and have severe side effects (8). However, molecules that easily diffuse into nerve tissues, including ligands of the progesterone and thyroid hormone receptors, and immunophilins, have beneficial effects on peripheral nerves in various experimental lesion and disease models (9-12). We hypothesize that clinically established drugs may be suitable to elevate trophic factor levels to improve the outcome of peripheral nerve injuries.Previous studies have demonstrated that the drug, etifoxi...

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Etifoxine promotes glial-derived neurotrophic factor-induced neurite outgrowth in PC12 cells

Zhou

et al. 2013

Molecular Medicine Reports

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“…Farges et al [18,19], who reported that the peripheral Histogram 1 Effects of diazepam on paw thickness, mean % increase in paw thickness, plasma NOx concentration of rats with acute paw edema compared to other rat groups of acute inflammatory study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anti-inflammatory Effects of Diazepam on Different Models of Inflammation: Roles ofPeripheral Benzodiazepine Receptors and Genes for Corticosterone, Nitric Oxide andCytokines Biosynthesis

Bader¹,

Omar²,

El-Odemi³

2017

J Clin Epigenet

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“…The first phase involves the release of serotonin and histamine and the second phase is mediated by prostaglandin E 2 (PGE 2 ), which is a product of COX (Torres et al 2000). Previous studies showed that neutrophil infiltration and activation are involved in the inflammatory responses induced by carrageenan (Godin et al 2011).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Applications of the hexanic fraction of Agave sisalana Perrine ex Engelm (Asparagaceae): control of inflammation and pain screening

Dunder¹,

Luiz-Ferreira

Almeida

et al. 2013

Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz

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Anti-inflammatory effects of peripheral benzodiazepine receptor ligands in two mouse models of inflammation

Cited by 121 publications

References 76 publications

Etifoxine promotes glial-derived neurotrophic factor-induced neurite outgrowth in PC12 cells

Etifoxine promotes glial-derived neurotrophic factor-induced neurite outgrowth in PC12 cells

Anti-inflammatory Effects of Diazepam on Different Models of Inflammation: Roles ofPeripheral Benzodiazepine Receptors and Genes for Corticosterone, Nitric Oxide andCytokines Biosynthesis

Applications of the hexanic fraction of Agave sisalana Perrine ex Engelm (Asparagaceae): control of inflammation and pain screening

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