Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Marine Bioactive Compounds and Their Potential as Functional Food Ingredients in the Prevention and Treatment of Neuroinflammatory Disorders

Abstract

Functional foods include enhanced, enriched, fortified, or whole foods that impart health benefits beyond their nutritional value, particularly when consumed as part of a varied diet on a regular basis at effective levels. Marine sources can serve as the sources of various healthy foods and numerous functional food ingredients with biological effects can be derived from these sources. Microalgae, macroalgae, crustaceans, fungi, bacteria fish, and fish by-products are the most common marine sources that can provide many potential functional food ingredients including phenolic compounds, proteins and peptides, and polysaccharides. Neuroinflammation is closely linked with the initiation and progression of various neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer’s disease, Huntington’s disease, and Parkinson’s disease. Activation of astrocytes and microglia is a defense mechanism of the brain to counter damaged tissues and detrimental pathogens, wherein their chronic activation triggers neuroinflammation that can further exacerbate or induce neurodegeneration. Currently, available therapeutic agents only provide symptomatic relief from these disorders and no therapies are available to stop or slow down the advancement of neurodegeneration. Thereffore, natural compounds that can exert a protective effect against these disorders have therapeutic potential. Numerous chemical compounds, including bioactive peptides, fatty acids, pigments, alkaloids, and polysaccharides, have already been isolated from marine sources that show anti-inflammatory properties, which can be effective in the treatment and prevention of neuroinflammatory disorders. The anti-inflammatory potential of marine-derived compounds as functional food ingredients in the prevention and treatment of neurological disorders is covered in this review.

Study of marine microorganism metabolites: new resources for bioactive natural products

“…Elbandy discovered that neuroinflammation is closely linked to the development and progression of various neurodegenerative conditions such as Alzheimer’s disease, Huntington’s disease, and Parkinson’s disease ( Elbandy, 2023 ). The activation of astrocytes and microglia serves as the brain’s defense mechanism against damaged tissue and harmful pathogens, but their chronic activation can lead to neuroinflammation, which in turn worsens or triggers neurodegeneration.…”

“…Marine sources have already yielded numerous chemical compounds such as bioactive peptides, fatty acids, pigments, alkaloids, and polysaccharides which possess anti-inflammatory properties and can be effective in treating and preventing neuroinflammatory diseases. The anti-inflammatory components found in marine compounds are utilized as functional food ingredients for preventing and treating neurological disorders ( Elbandy, 2023 ).…”

A comprehensive review of the therapeutic potential of cyanobacterial marine bioactives: Unveiling the hidden treasures of the sea

“…Bioactive compounds derived from marine cyanobacteria have shown promising results in inhibiting tumor cell proliferation and inducing apoptosis in cancer cell lines (Costa et al, 2012). The anti‐inflammatory properties of marine cyanobacterial compounds have been attributed to their ability to modulate key signaling pathways involved in inflammation (Nunnery et al, 2010), Recent preclinical studies have highlighted the neuroprotective potential of marine cyanobacterial compounds in various neurological disease, including Alzheimer's and Parkinson's (Elbandy, 2022). Marine bioactive cyanobacterial have also been found to possess antioxidant, antibacterial, and antiviral properties, making them potential candidates for the development of novel therapeutics (Pradhan et al, 2022).…”

Comparison of water mobility and distribution in Dioscorea opposita Thunb. cv. Tiegun during hot‐air and microwave drying processes

“…These components exhibit a variety of health benefits, including anti‐microbial, anti‐inflammatory, antioxidant, anti‐tumour, and anti‐diabetic activity. They also possess significant cardioprotective properties (Lebot et al ., 2023; Li et al ., 2023; Wang et al ., 2023). Iron yam ( Dioscorea opposita Thunb.…”