Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Eugenol and Dehydrodieugenol in a Murine Model of Allergic Asthma

Roncon, F.P.; Silva, R.C.; Ponci, Vitor; Olivo, Clarice Rosa; Arantes-Costa, Fernanda M.; Caperuto, Luciana C.; Tibério, Iolanda de Fátima Lopes Calvo; Lago, João Henrique G.; Prado, Carla M.

doi:10.1164/ajrccm-conference.2019.199.1_meetingabstracts.a2184

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“…However, topical application of the CFE on the diabetic infected wound improved the cellular events that were shown with the enhanced wound oxidative microenvironment, noticeably through downregulation of the inflammatory markers TNF-α , IL-1β , and IL-8, with a marked upregulation in the anti-inflammatory markers IL-4 and IL-10 [ 57 ]. The anti-inflammatory microenvironment created with topical application of CFE could be referred to by the bioactive compounds that are present in CFE [ 58 , 59 ], which inhibit MAPkinases (p38 pathway) and stimulate IL-4 and IL-10 anti-inflammatory cytokines [ 60 ]; likewise, evoked marked upregulation in the Nrf-2 that inhibits keap1 protein expression leads to induction of the AMPK/GSK3β/ERK pathway that downregulates expression of the NF-κβ-65, improving the wound microenvironment and reducing further tissue damage. The previous reports were in fulfillment of the results of the current study, as the diabetic infected wound showed upregulation in the mRNA expression of MCP-1 that was downregulated in the CFE-treated group, followed by the antibiotic-treated one, which could explain the superior healing potency in the CFE group when compared with the others [ 61 ].…”

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confidence: 99%

The Healing Capability of Clove Flower Extract (CFE) in Streptozotocin-Induced (STZ-Induced) Diabetic Rat Wounds Infected with Multidrug Resistant Bacteria

et al. 2022

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Treatment of diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) is of great challenge as it is shown to be infected by multidrug resistant bacteria (MDR bacteria). Sixty four bacterial isolates were isolated from DFU cases; antibiotic susceptibility tests were carried out for all of them. One bacterial isolate (number 11) was shown to resist the action of 8 out of 12 antibiotics used and was identified by both a Vitek-2 system and 16S rRNA fingerprints as belonging to Proteus mirabilis, and was designated Proteus mirabilis LC587231 (P. mirabilis). Clove flower extract (CFE) inhibited distinctively the P. mirabilis bacterium obtained. GC-MS spectroscopy showed that this CFE contained nine bioactive compounds. The effect of CFE on wound healing of Type 1 diabetic albino rats (Rattus norvegicus) was studied. The results indicated that topical application of CFE hydrogel improved wound size, wound index, mRNA expression of the wound healing markers (Coli1, MMP9, Fibronectin, PCNA, and TGFβ), growth factor signaling pathways (PPAR-α, PGC1-α, GLP-1, GLPr-1, EGF-β, EGF-βr, VEGF-β, and FGF-β), inflammatory cytokine expression (IL8, TNFα, NFKβ, IL1β, and MCP1), as well as anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL4 & IL10), pro-apoptotic markers (FAS, FAS-L, BAX, BAX/BCL-2, Caspase-3, P53, P38), as well as an antiapoptotic one (BCL2). Furthermore, it improved the wound oxidative state and reduced the wound microbial load, as the cefepime therapy improved the wound healing parameters. Based on the previous notions, it could be concluded that CFE represents a valid antibiotics alternative for DFU therapy since it improves diabetic wound healing and exerts antibacterial activity either in vitro or in vivo.

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