Anti-inflammatory effects of dietary vitamin D ₃ in patients with multiple sclerosis

Abstract

ObjectiveTo assess the effects of dietary vitamin D3 on proinflammatory (interleukin-17A [IL-17A] and IL-6) and anti-inflammatory (IL-10) cytokines.MethodsOur study was conducted on 75 participants who were divided into 3 groups: multiple sclerosis participants (MSPs, n = 25), first-degree relative participants (FDRPs, n = 25), and healthy participants (HPs, n = 25). All groups received 50,000 IU vitamin D3/wk for 8 weeks. Serum 25-(OH) vitamin D3 levels and messenger RNA (mRNA) expression levels of ILs were determined using electrochemiluminescence assay and real-time PCR, respectively.ResultsVitamin D3 affected the levels of IL-17A, IL-10, and IL-6 among the 3 groups (p < 0.001 for all). Levels of IL-17A (MSPs: fold change [FC] = 5.9, p = 0.014; FDRPs: FC = 5.2, p = 0.006; HPs: FC = 4.2, p = 0.012) and IL-6 (MSPs: FC = 5.6, p = 0.003; FDRPs: FC = 5.5, p = 0.002; HPs: FC = 5.1, p < 0.001) were downregulated after vitamin D3 treatment. In addition, levels of IL-10 (MSPs: FC = 6.2, p = 0.005; FDRPs: FC = 4.6, p < 0.001; HPs: FC = 5.2, p < 0.001) were upregulated after 8 weeks.ConclusionsAlthough supplementation with vitamin D3 reduced the mRNA expression levels of IL-17A and IL-6, it increased the mRNA expression level of IL-10 in all groups. However, these effects were more considerable in the MSP group than in the other groups. Of interest, in a deficiency state of serum vitamin D3, IL-17A expression had a positive feedback effect on the expression of IL-6. Conversely, in the sufficient state, IL-10 expression had a negative feedback effect on the expression of IL-17A and IL-6.

The impact of vitamin D3 intake on inflammatory markers in multiple sclerosis patients and their first-degree relatives

“…Sample selection and supplementation design were discussed in our previous publication [5]. In short, the subjects registered into the present study were divided into three groups: 1) MS participants (MSP, n = 25) as the first treatment (case) group along with two control groups including 2) First degree relatives of MS participants as the second group (FDRP, n = 25) such as their daughter, son, brother, or sister and 3) Healthy participants (HP, n = 25) as the third group.…”

“…All groups pulled down 50,000 IU of vitamin D 3 orally every Friday with their lunch breaks for two months. As previously described, before and after the administration of vitamin D 3 , five milliliters whole blood samples were drawn from the selected participants, and the serum levels of 25-(OH) vitamin D 3 were measured immediately after serum separation by using electrochemiluminescence (ECL) assay [5]. A certified laboratory performed all measurements in the Genetics Laboratory at the Imam Khomeini Hospital and Biochemistry laboratory in the Research Center, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences.…”

“…It has been suggested that perhaps this disorder depends on the dysregulation of pro-and anti-inflammatory cytokines. Pro-inflammatory cytokines can boost the permeability of the Blood-Brain Barrier (BBB), allowing for the neurodegeneration and demyelination of the CNS; while anti-inflammatory cytokines can repress the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines [5]. For this reason, it appears that inflammation can play a considerable role in the degeneration of brain axons and neurons in MS patients.…”

“…Due to the highlighting role of genetics in MS which has somewhat remained obscure, in our previous [5] and present studies, attempts were conducted to introduce nutrition genomics or nutrigenomics as a new potential therapeutic method in afflicted patients and prohibiting the illness in other people, especially in the first-degree relatives of MS patients. According to IL-27 and TGF-β1 being key regulators of IL-10, IL-17A, and IL-6, this paper highlights that the up-regulation of IL-27 and TGF-β1 by vitamin D 3 increases the expression of IL-10, as well as down-regulates IL-17A and IL-6.…”

Vit D3 versus L Carnitine Supplement in Alleviating Age-Related Insulin Resistance in A Naturally Aging Rat Model

“…In line with this proposal, both VD3 and LC were shown to modulate the expression and release of TNF-α and IL-6 in different experimental models [76][77][78][79] . Vitamin D3 could suppress NF-κB activation and consequently the transcription of its downstream targets, TNF α , in different cell types [80][81][82] including the muscle cells [59] .…”