Anti-inflammatory effects of arbutin in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated BV2 microglial cells

Hj, Lee; Kim, Kyu‐Won

doi:10.1007/s00011-012-0474-2

Cited by 101 publications

(58 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Inflammation, together with neuromuscular spasm, is often the most important cause of chronic prostatitis symptoms [27]. Arbutin, a glycoside extracted from bearberry plant, is a traditional supplement for treating UTI mainly because of its anti-inflammatory effect due to antioxidant capability dispatched on lypopolisaccharide, induced production of NO and expression of iNOS and COX-2 [11]. …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Serenoa Repens, saw palmetto extract, is the most commonly used phyto-therapy in urology and has an action against type I-II 5-α-reductase (conversion of testosterone in dihydrotestosterone), anti-inflammatory effect by inhibition of arachidonic acid metabolites and also an anti-edematous effect [10]. Arbutin, the active principle of bearberry, is an antioxidant agent with an anti-inflammatory action through lypopolisaccharide induced production of NO and expression of iNOS and COX-2 [11]. The use of probiotics, in particular lactobacillus sporogens, is a good alternative for the treatment and prevention of urinary tract infection (UTI) through different mechanisms including attachment to the uroepithelial cells and direct antimicrobial activity [12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Chronic bacterial prostatitis: efficacy of short-lasting antibiotic therapy with prulifloxacin (Unidrox®) in association with saw palmetto extract, lactobacillus sporogens and arbutin (Lactorepens®)

et al. 2014

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BackgroundBacterial prostatitis (BP) is a common condition accounting responsible for about 5-10% of all prostatitis cases; chronic bacterial prostatitis (CBP) classified as type II, are less common but is a condition that significantly hampers the quality of life, (QoL) because not only is it a physical condition but also a psychological distress. Commonly patients are treated with antibiotics alone, and in particular fluoroquinolones are suggested by the European Urology guidelines. This approach, although recommended, may not be enough. Thus, a multimodal approach to the prolonged antibiotic therapy may be helpful.Methods210 patients affected by chronic bacterial prostatitis were enrolled in the study. All patients were positive to Meares-Stamey test and symptoms duration was > 3 months. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the efficacy of a long lasting therapy with a fluoroquinolone in association with a nutraceutical supplement (prulifloxacin 600 mg for 21 days and an association of Serenoa repens 320 mg, Lactobacillus Sporogens 200 mg, Arbutin 100 mg for 30 days). Patients were randomized in two groups (A and B) receiving respectively antibiotic alone and an association of antibiotic plus supplement.ResultsBiological recurrence at 2 months in Group A was observed in 21 patients (27.6%) and in Group B in 6 patients (7.8%). Uropathogens found at the first follow-up were for the majority Gram – (E. coli and Enterobacter spp.). A statistically significant difference was found at the time of the follow-up between Group A and B in the NIH-CPSI questionnaire score, symptoms evidence and serum PSA.ConclusionsBroad band, short-lasting antibiotic therapy in association with a nutritional supplement (serenoa repens, lactobacillus sporogens and arbutin) show better control and recurrence rate on patients affected by chronic bacterial prostatitits in comparison with antibiotic treatment alone.Trial registrationNCT02130713Date of trial Registration: 30/04/2014

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chronic bacterial prostatitis: efficacy of short-lasting antibiotic therapy with prulifloxacin (Unidrox®) in association with saw palmetto extract, lactobacillus sporogens and arbutin (Lactorepens®)

et al. 2014

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“…25,26) The expression of Tyr in this study may also have been indirectly suppressed by these functions of Arb. SB203580, a p38 MAP kinase inhibitor, is known to suppress the gene expression of Tyr in melanoma cells.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 63%

Analysis of the Effects of Hydroquinone and Arbutin on the Differentiation of Melanocytes

Inoue

Hasegawa

Yamada

et al. 2013

Biological & Pharmaceutical Bulletin

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Hydroquinone (HQ) is a chemical compound that inhibits the functions of melanocytes and has long been known for its skin-whitening effect. According to previous studies, the Tyrosinase (Tyr) activity inhibitory effect and melanocyte-specific cell toxicity are known depigmenting mechanisms; however, details of the underlying mechanisms are unknown. Arbutin (Arb) is also known for its Tyr activity inhibitory effect and is commonly used as a skin-whitening agent. However, the detailed depigmenting mechanism of Arb is also not yet fully understood. Few studies have attempted to elucidate the effects of HQ and Arb on undifferentiated melanocytes. In this study, we examined the effects of HQ and Arb throughout each stage of differentiation of melanocytes using a mouse embryonic stem cell (ESC) culture system to induce melanocytes. The results showed that HQ in particular downregulated the early stage of differentiation, in which neural crest cells were generated, and the late stage of differentiation, in which melanogenesis became active. On the other hand, Arb had no effect on the differentiation of melanocytes, and only suppressed melanogenesis by specifically suppressing elevations in Tyr expression in the late stage of differentiation.Key words melanocyte; hydroquinone; arbutin; embryonic stem cell; differentiation Melanocytes in the epidermis of the skin produce melanin, which is responsible for determining the color of human skin and hair. The generation and differentiation of melanocytes have been studied for many years and are now well understood; for example, melanocytes originate from undifferentiated neural crest cells derived from the neural tube during the embryonic stage, 1) these cells then migrate to the dermis and epidermis until they mature and ultimately colonize hair follicles. Melanocyte precursors in hair follicles partially exist as undifferentiated melanocyte stem cells around the bulge area. These melanocyte stem cells have been shown to proliferate and differentiate into mature melanocytes as necessary and colonize the epidermis and hair follicles.2-4) In addition, mature melanocytes transfer melanosomes to peripheral keratinocytes and hair matrix cells, which may affect the color of skin and hair. 5) Given these findings, melanocytes undergo diverse stages of differentiation.If an abnormality occurs in the differentiation and proliferation of melanocytes and the mechanism of melanin synthesis, it may cause various diseases; for example, when a mutation occurs in microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF-M), which is a master gene of melanocytes seen in neural crest cells immediately after their migration from the neural tube, it may cause the abnormal differentiation and proliferation of neural crest cells, resulting in Waardenburg syndrome type 2, which is characterized by white spots on the skin, iris heterochromia, and deafness. 6) Paired box gene 3 (PAX3) and SRY-box containing g gene 10 (SOX10) are expressed in the neural tube before the first neural crest cells delaminate, a...

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“…In contrast, LIMLE expression is not increased and even tends to decreased by the immuno-regulatory cytokine IL-10. Similarly, LIMLE gene has been reported to be inhibited by the anti-inflammatory agent arbutin [45], [46]. This regulation of expression could explain the accumulation of LIMLE in recipients developing rejection versus tolerance.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

LIMLE, a New Molecule Over-Expressed following Activation, Is Involved in the Stimulatory Properties of Dendritic Cells

Texier¹,

Durand²,

Lavault³

et al. 2014

PLoS ONE

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Dendritic cells are sentinels of the immune system distributed throughout the body, that following danger signals will migrate to secondary lymphoid organs to induce effector T cell responses. We have identified, in a rodent model of graft rejection, a new molecule expressed by dendritic cells that we have named LIMLE (RGD1310371). To characterize this new molecule, we analyzed its regulation of expression and its function. We observed that LIMLE mRNAs were rapidly and strongly up regulated in dendritic cells following inflammatory stimulation. We demonstrated that LIMLE inhibition does not alter dendritic cell maturation or cytokine production following Toll-like-receptor stimulation. However, it reduces their ability to stimulate effector T cells in a mixed leukocyte reaction or T cell receptor transgenic system. Interestingly, we observed that LIMLE protein localized with actin at some areas under the plasma membrane. Moreover, LIMLE is highly expressed in testis, trachea, lung and ciliated cells and it has been shown that cilia formation bears similarities to formation of the immunological synapse which is required for the T cell activation by dendritic cells. Taken together, these data suggest a role for LIMLE in specialized structures of the cytoskeleton that are important for dynamic cellular events such as immune synapse formation. In the future, LIMLE may represent a new target to reduce the capacity of dendritic cells to stimulate T cells and to regulate an immune response.

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Anti-inflammatory effects of arbutin in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated BV2 microglial cells

Cited by 101 publications

References 26 publications

Chronic bacterial prostatitis: efficacy of short-lasting antibiotic therapy with prulifloxacin (Unidrox®) in association with saw palmetto extract, lactobacillus sporogens and arbutin (Lactorepens®)

Chronic bacterial prostatitis: efficacy of short-lasting antibiotic therapy with prulifloxacin (Unidrox®) in association with saw palmetto extract, lactobacillus sporogens and arbutin (Lactorepens®)

Analysis of the Effects of Hydroquinone and Arbutin on the Differentiation of Melanocytes

LIMLE, a New Molecule Over-Expressed following Activation, Is Involved in the Stimulatory Properties of Dendritic Cells

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