Anti-Inflammatory Effect of White Wine in CKD Patients and Healthy Volunteers

Abstract

Background: Mediterranean-style diet has been considered for its important beneficial effects on the progression of CV disease. Wine is an important component of the Mediterranean diet, and moderate wine drinkers have lower mortality rates than nondrinkers and heavy drinkers in epidemiologic studies. The beneficial effects of red wine are thought to be dependent on the polyphenol compounds such as resveratrol that exhibit potent antioxidant activity. However, white wine, although lacking polyphenols, contains simple phenols, such as tyrosol (Tyr) and hydroxytyrosol (OH-Tyr), characteristic also of extra-virgin olive oil, which may share similar antioxidant and inflammatory properties. Patients and Methods: The effect of white wine and extra-virgin olive oil on inflammatory markers was evaluated in 10 healthy volunteers and in 10 patients with CKD (chronic kidney disease) K-DOQI stage III-IV in a prospective, single blind, randomized, cross-over trial. After two weeks of wash-out from alcoholic beverages, subjects were randomized to a cross-over design A-B or B-A of a 2-week treatment with white wine (4 ml/kg body weight, 0.48 g/kg of alcohol 12%, corresponding to 2-3 glasses/daily) and extra-virgin olive oil (treatment A) or extra-virgin olive oil alone (treatment B). The two study periods were separated by a two-week wash-out period. At baseline and at the end of each treatment, plasma levels of inflammatory markers C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), and interleukin-8 (IL-8) concentration were determined. Urinary levels of Tyr, OH-Tyr, and their metabolites were measured at the same time. Results: During combined consumption of white wine and extra-virgin olive oil (treatment A), plasma levels of CRP and IL-6 decreased from 4.1 ± 1.8 to 2.4 ± 1.9 mg/l (p < 0.05) and from 5.3 ± 3.2 to 3.4 ± 2.3 mg/l (p < 0.05) in CKD patients. CRP decreased from 2.6 ± 1.2 to 1.9 ± 0.9 mg/l (p < 0.05), and IL-6 decreased from 2.2 ± 1.8 to 1.7 ± 1.3 mg/l (p = ns) in healthy volunteers. No significant variation versus baseline was observed during treatment B. A significant increase in urinary Tyr and OH-Tyr was observed during treatment A (white wine and extra-virgin olive oil). Conclusions: Plasma markers of chronic inflammation were significantly reduced in CKD patients during the combined consumption of white wine and olive oil, suggesting a possible anti-inflammatory effect of this nutritional intervention.

Resveratrol and Related Stilbenoids, Nutraceutical/Dietary Complements with Health‐Promoting Actions: Industrial Production, Safety, and the Search for Mode of Action

“…Usually, one given compound is assayed for one disease or for two/three closely related diseases. In the case of RSV, results from clinical trials have been reported for menopause (Chow et al., ; Evans, Howe, & Wong, ; Yoshino et al., ; Zern et al., ) and for an incredibly high number of ailments: ulcerative colitis (Samsami‐kor, Daryani, Asl, & Hekmatdoost, ), lung affections/infections (Culpitt et al., ; Miraglia Del Giudice et al., ; Varricchio et al., ), allergic rhinitis (Miraglia Del Giudice et al., ), liver diseases (Chachay et al., ; Faghihzadeh, Adibi, & Hekmatdoost, ; Faghihzadeh, Adibi, Rafiei, & Hekmatdoost, ; Heebøll et al., ), chronic kidney disease (Migliori et al., ), benign prostate hyperplasia (Kjaer et al., ), schizophrenia (Zortea et al., ), memory performance/cognition/brain glucose consumption/AD (Cuzzola et al., ; Kennedy et al., ; Turner et al., ; Wightman et al., ; Witte, Kerti, Margulies, & Flöel, ), Friedreich ataxia (Yiu et al., ), facial nerve injury (Tanyeri, Celik, Erbas, Oltulu, & Yilmaz Dilsiz, ), diabetes/metabolic syndrome/insulin resistance (Bhatt, Thomas, & Nanjan, ; Brasnyó et al., ; Chen et al., ; Crandall et al., ; Fujitaka et al., ; Goh et al., ; Méndez‐del Villar, González‐Ortiz, Martínez‐Abundis, Pérez‐Rubio, & Lizárraga‐Valdez, ; Olesen et al., ; Skroza et al., ; Thazhath et al., ; Tomé‐Carneiro et al., ), inflammation (Olesen et al., ), facial redness (Ferzli, Patel, Phrsai, & Brody, ), cancer/metastases (Brown et al., ; Chow et al., ; Howells et al., ; Ji et al., ; Patel et al., ; Popat et al., ), cardiovascular diseases/lipoprotein status/obesity (Agarwal et al., ; Amato et al., ; Bakker et al., ; Biesinger et al., ; Cruz, ; Dash, Xiao, Morgantini, Szeto, & Lewis, ; De Groote et al., …”

Impact of a Proprietary Standardized Olive Fruit Extract (SOFE) on Cardio-Ankle Vascular Index, Visual Analog Scale and C-Reactive Protein Assessments in Subjects with Arterial Stiffness Risk

“…The effects of white wine and extra-virgin olive fruit oil on inflammatory markers was evaluated in ten healthy volunteers and ten patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD), KDOQI (Kidney Disease Outcomes Quality Initiative) stage III–IV, in a prospective, single-blind, randomized, crossover trial. Plasma markers of chronic inflammation were significantly reduced in CKD patients during the combined consumption of white wine and olive fruit oil, suggesting a possible anti-inflammatory effect of this nutritional intervention [45]. …”

Developing criteria for evaluation of geroprotectors as a key stage toward translation to the clinic

“…Also, tyrosol ameliorated hyperglycemia by regulating key enzymes of carbohydrate metabolism in streptozotocin‐induced diabetic rats (Chandramohan et al ., 2015). A human study of tyrosol‐rich products (white wine and virgin olive oil) demonstrated an anti‐inflammatory effect (Migliori et al ., 2015). Tyrosol has a potent anti‐allergic effect by inhibiting the degranulation of mast cells and expression of inflammatory cytokines (Je et al ., 2015).…”