Anti-inflammatory effect of Barringtonia angusta methanol extract is mediated by targeting of Src in the NF-κB signalling pathway

Abstract

Context: Among the plants in the genus Barringtonia (Lecythidaceae) used as traditional medicines to treat arthralgia, chest pain, and haemorrhoids in Indonesia, Barringtonia racemosa L. and Barringtonia acutangula (L.) Gaertn. have demonstrated anti-inflammatory activity in systemic inflammatory models. Objective: The anti-inflammatory activity of Barringtonia angusta Kurz has not been investigated. We prepared a methanol extract of the leaves and stems of B. angusta (Ba-ME) and systemically evaluated its anti-inflammatory effects in vitro and in vivo. Materials and methods: RAW264.7 cells stimulated with LPS or Pam3CSK4 for 24 h were treated with Ba-ME (12.5, 25, 50, 100, and 150 mg/mL), and NO production and mRNA levels of inflammatory genes were evaluated. Luciferase reporter gene assay, western blot analysis, overexpression experiments, and cellular thermal shift assay were conducted to explore the mechanism of Ba-ME. In addition, the anti-gastritis activity of Ba-ME (50 and 100 mg/kg, administered twice per day for two days) was evaluated using an HCl/EtOH-induced gastritis mouse model. Results: Ba-ME dose-dependently suppressed NO production [IC 50 ¼ 123.33 mg/mL (LPS) and 46.89 mg/mL (Pam3CSK4)] without affecting cell viability. Transcriptional expression of iNOS, IL-1b, COX-2, IL-6, and TNFa and phosphorylation of Src, IjBa, p50/105, and p65 were inhibited by Ba-ME. The extract specifically targeted the Src protein by binding to its SH2 domain. Moreover, Ba-ME significantly ameliorated inflammatory lesions in the HCl/EtOH-induced gastritis model. Discussion and Conclusions: The anti-inflammatory activity of Ba-ME is mediated by targeting of the Src/NF-jB signalling pathway, and B. angusta has potential as an anti-inflammatory drug.

Anti-Inflammatory Functions of Methanol Extract from Malus baccata (L.) Borkh. Leaves and Shoots by Targeting the NF-κB Pathway

“…Ranitidine, which is used to treat and prevent ulcers in the stomach and intestines, was used as a positive control. Based on our previous study [ 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 ] and in vitro activity of Mb-ME showing a concentration range from 0 to 100 μg/mL, we decided doses of Mb-ME and ranitidine up to 200 and 40 mg/kg, respectively. As shown in Figure 5 A,B, Mb-ME strongly ameliorated the inflammatory lesion to a degree similar to that of ranitidine.…”