Anti-inflammatory effect of austroinulin and 6-O-acetyl-austroinulin from Stevia rebaudiana in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated RAW264.7 macrophages

Cho, Byoung Ok; Ryu, Hyung Won; So, Yangkang; Cho, Jung Keun; Woo, Hyun Sim; Jin, Chang Hyun; Seo, Kwon Il; Park, Jong Chun; Jeong, Il Yun

doi:10.1016/j.fct.2013.09.011

Cited by 43 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Stevia extracts have been reported to suppress the inflammatory response by inhibiting NF‐κB and the subsequent pro‐inflammatory signaling pathway (Cho et al, ). Consistent with these findings, here, NF‐κB expression was increased several folds in cirrhotic livers and AES effectively and completely prevented this effect, thus reducing the levels of the mRNAs and proteins of most pro‐inflammatory cytokines.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stevia rebaudianatea prevents experimental cirrhosis via regulation of NF‐κB, Nrf2, transforming growth factor beta, Smad7, and hepatic stellate cell activation

Ramos‐Tovar

Flores-Beltrán

Galindo-Gómez

et al. 2018

Phytotherapy Research

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Stevia has been shown to prevent oxidative stress and inflammation in carbon tetrachloride-induced cirrhosis models. This study aimed to investigate the ability of an aqueous extract of stevia (AES) to prevent thioacetamide (TAA)-induced cirrhosis in rats and to explore its mechanism of action. Liver cirrhosis was established by administering TAA (200 mg/kg by i.p. injections three times a week for 10 weeks); AES was administered (100 mg/kg by gavage daily) during the TAA treatment. Liver damage and fibrosis were evaluated, and the profibrotic pathways were analyzed by western blotting and immunohistochemistry. TAA increased nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) and pro-inflammatory cytokine production, as well as the malondialdehyde and 4hydroxynonenal levels, whereas the glutathione/glutathione disulfide and nuclear factor-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) levels were decreased. Moreover, TAA increased collagen production, hepatic stellate cell (HSC) activation, and expression of profibrogenic mediators. TAA-treated rats that had been exposed to Mn2+ exhibited altered striatal dopamine turnover, indicating hepatic encephalopathy. AES partially or completely prevented all of these effects. AES showed antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antifibrotic properties, probably because of its capacity to induce Nrf2 expression, reduce NF-κB expression, and block several profibrogenic signaling pathways, subsequently inhibiting HSC activation and preventing fibrosis and dopamine turnover.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stevia rebaudianatea prevents experimental cirrhosis via regulation of NF‐κB, Nrf2, transforming growth factor beta, Smad7, and hepatic stellate cell activation

Ramos‐Tovar

Flores-Beltrán

Galindo-Gómez

et al. 2018

Phytotherapy Research

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“…Several studies demonstrate the anti‐inflammatory effect of stevioside [20–24]. Steviol glycosides have a strong anti‐inflammatory effect induced by 12‐O‐tetradecanoylphorbol‐13‐acetate in mice [23].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rebaudioside A inhibits pentylenetetrazol‐induced convulsions in rats

Uyanıkgil

Çavuşoğlu

Balcıoğlu

et al. 2016

The Kaohsiung J of Med Scie

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The safety of patients with epilepsy consuming sweetening agents, which is becoming increasingly prevalent for various reasons, is a topic that should be emphasized as sensitively as it is for other diseases. Patients with epilepsy consume sweetening agents for different reasons such being diabetic or overweight. They can occasionally be exposed to sweetening agents unrestrainedly through consuming convenience food, primarily beverages. This study aimed to investigate the effects of rebaudioside A (Reb-A), which is a steviol glycoside produced from the herb Stevia rebaudiana (Bertoni), on epileptic seizures and convulsions induced by pentylenetetrazole (PTZ). Forty-eight male rats were used. Twenty-four rats were administered 35 mg/kg PTZ to trigger epileptiform activity; the remaining 24 rats were administered 70 mg/kg PTZ to trigger the convulsion model. The epileptiform activity was evaluated by spike percentage, whereas convulsion was evaluated by Racine's Convulsion Scale and the onset time of the first myoclonic jerk. Statistical analysis revealed a statistically significant decrease in the Racine's Convulsion Scale score and increase in the latency of first myoclonic jerk in a dose-dependent manner for the rat groups in which PTZ epilepsy had been induced and Reb-A had been administered. For the groups that were administered Reb-A, the spike decrease was apparent in a dose-dependent manner, based on the spike percentage calculation. These results indicated that Reb-A has positive effects on PTZ-induced convulsions.

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“…Several studies have reported that Stevia rebaudiana possesses anti‐inflammatory effects on in vivo and in vitro models by downregulating the pro‐inflammatory factor nuclear factor‐κB . Moreover, important evidence on the hepatoprotective potential of stevia was obtained in our laboratory; the data showed that administering stevia leaves at a concentration of 100 mg/kg significantly limited alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and γ‐glutamyl transpeptidase (γ‐GTP) activities otherwise elevated by an acute dose of carbon tetrachloride (CCl 4 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Stevia prevents experimental cirrhosis by reducing hepatic myofibroblasts and modulating molecular profibrotic pathways

Ramos‐Tovar

Buendia-Montaño

Galindo-Gómez

et al. 2018

Hepatology Research

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Aim The aims of the present study were to investigate the capacity of stevia leaves to prevent experimental cirrhosis induced by chronic administration of carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) in rats and to explore the action mechanism involved. Methods Liver cirrhosis was established by CCl4 treatment (400 mg/kg i.p. three times a week for 12 weeks); stevia powder was administered (100 mg/kg by gavage daily) during the CCl4 treatment. Serum markers of liver damage and hydroxyproline were evaluated and histopathological analyses were carried out. The profibrotic pathways were analyzed by western blot and immunohistochemistry. Results We found for the first time that stevia cotreatment prevented the elevation of serum markers of necrosis and cholestasis and the occurrence of liver fibrosis. It is worth noting that stevia downregulated several profibrogenic pathways, including the reduction of hepatic myofibroblasts and decreased matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)2 and MMP13 expression, thereby blocking the liberation of transforming growth factor‐β from the extracellular matrix. Notably, stevia reduced the phosphorylation of pSmad3L, the most profibrogenic and mitogenic Smad, by inhibiting the activation of c‐Jun N‐terminal kinase and extracellular signal‐regulated kinase. Interestingly, Smad7, an important antifibrotic molecule, was upregulated by stevia treatment in cirrhotic rats. These multitarget mechanisms led to the prevention of experimental cirrhosis. Conclusions Because stevia possesses a reasonable safety profile, our results indicate that it could be useful in the clinical setting to treat chronic liver diseases.

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Anti-inflammatory effect of austroinulin and 6-O-acetyl-austroinulin from Stevia rebaudiana in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated RAW264.7 macrophages

Cited by 43 publications

References 34 publications

Stevia rebaudianatea prevents experimental cirrhosis via regulation of NF‐κB, Nrf2, transforming growth factor beta, Smad7, and hepatic stellate cell activation

Stevia rebaudianatea prevents experimental cirrhosis via regulation of NF‐κB, Nrf2, transforming growth factor beta, Smad7, and hepatic stellate cell activation

Rebaudioside A inhibits pentylenetetrazol‐induced convulsions in rats

Stevia prevents experimental cirrhosis by reducing hepatic myofibroblasts and modulating molecular profibrotic pathways

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