Anti-inflammatory diet consumption reduced fatty liver indices:  Finding from a large cohort study in the Kurdish population

Abstract

Background The aim of this study was the assess association between of dietary inflammatory index (DII) and non-invasive markers of liver status in adults. Methods This cross-sectional study was performed on 8,520 individuals aged 35–65 years, recruited in Ravansar Non-Communicable Diseases (RaNCD) cohort study, the west of Iran. DII score was calculated based on participants’ dietary intakes obtained from Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ). Fatty Liver Index (FLI) score was calculated by anthropometric measurements and some non-invasive markers of liver status. Linear regression models were used to estimate the associations and adjust for possible confounding factors. Results The mean of age was 47.24 ± 8.31 years and 4275 (%50.18) were male. A greater DII score was significantly associated with higher energy intake, BMI (body mass index), BFM (body fat mass), blood pressure and FLI (P < 0.001). Participants with the highest DII score had a significantly higher consumption saturated fat, trans fat and red meat than those in the lowest quartile (P < 0.001). With one point increment in the physical activity, on average the risk of having FLI decreased by 5 (95% CI, -0.484 to -0.519). After adjustment for age and sex, participants in the highest quartile of DII score had a greater risk of FLI (β: 0.742, 95% CI: 0.254, 0.601). Conclusion The more pro-inflammatory diet in participants was associated with higher FLI; DII score was positively associated with non-invasive liver markers (ALT, AST and GGT). FLI had positive association with BMI, WC, BFM and energy intake. Thus having an anti-inflammatory diet can help balance liver enzymes, reduce obesity and fatty liver.

The association between an energy-adjusted dietary inflammatory index and inflammation in rural and urban Black South Africans

“…In terms of markers of liver function, positive associations between the AE-DII, GGT, ALT and AST were observed. As opposed to prior observations (49,50) , the AE-DII was not associated with increased GGT, AST and ALT levels in the PURE-NWP-SA population through the pathway of obesity/fatty liver disease, as the associations remained after adjustment. Instead the associations appear, at least in part, to be related to alcohol consumption, as adjustment therefore nullified the association between the AE-DII and the liver enzymes.…”

Combination of the effect of ginger and anti‐inflammatory diet on children with obesity with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: A randomized clinical trial

“…In the AID group, there was a significant decrease in ALP levels. Darbandi et al ( 2020 ) have shown that adherence to an AID is associated with lower liver enzymes, including AST, ALT, and GGT. It seems that weight loss inhibits the accumulation of lipid in hepatocytes, resulting in a reduction of inflammatory response via NF‐κB activation and cytokine production, which leads to a decrease in liver damage.…”

“…Darbandi et al (2020) have shown that adherence to an AID isTA B L E 5Abbreviations: AID, anti-inflammatory diet; G, ginger; GPA, ginger plus anti-inflammatory diet.…”