Anti-inflammatory compounds produced in hairy roots culture of Sphaeralcea angustifolia

Abstract

Sphaeralcea angustifolia (Cav) G. Don is used in traditional Mexican medicine to treat in ammations and gastric disease. Its anti-in ammatory and immunomodulatory activities in mice and rats acute and chronic models have been attributed mainly to scopoletin. Scopoletin reduced joint in ammation, the number of new vessels, production of endogenous angiogenic inducers, and reversed the histopathological alterations in rat adjuvant-induced arthritis. Tomentin and sphaeralcic acid from S. angustifolia cells in suspension proved anti-in ammatory and immunomodulatory activities in mice kaolin/λ-carrageenan-induced arthritis. Transformed roots of S. angustifolia have been proposed as active compounds producers. A high transformation frequency mediated by Agrobacterium rhizogenes ATCC15834/pTDT was obtained from nodal segments (59.5 ± 10.5%, 145 hairy root lines) and leaves (40.0 ± 25, 52 hairy root lines) of 2-month-old plantlets. Among seven lines selected according to their phenotypic characteristics and growth index, the SaTR N7.2 line presented the highest sphaeralcic acid production (17.6 ± 1.72 mg/g DW); this production was 440-fold superior to that reported in S. angustifolia wild plants, and in comparison to cells in the suspension of S. angustifolia in MS medium with nitrate restriction this was 263-fold higher when cultured in asks and 5-fold higher in a stirred-tank type bioreactor. The SaTR N7.2, SaTR N5.1, SaTR N7.1, and SaTR N15.1 lines excreted sphaeralcic acid into the culture medium at similar levels. Genetic transformation of hairy roots was con rmed by amplifying a 490 bp fragment of the rolC gene. S. angustifolia hairy root cultures producers of scopoletin and sphaeralcic acid can be stressed by nitrate reduction and/or copper increased to stimulate scopoletin and sphaeralcic acid production. Key MessageHairy roots lines of Sphaeralcea angustifolia, producers of scopoletin and sphaeralcic acid antiin ammatory compounds, were established by rst time through plant transformation mediated by Agrobacterium rhizogenes ATCC15834/pTDT.

The Journey of a Medicinal Plant throughout Science: Sphaeralcea angustifolia (Cav.) G. Don (Malvaceae)

“…Furthermore, it has led to the discovery of two new compounds of coumaric and naphthoic origin, whose anti-inflammatory activity is superior to the metabolites initially identified, and with an effect similar to that of naproxen and diclofenac, two non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) widely used to mitigate inflammation-related symptoms. Hairy root cultures of S. angustifolia were explored for stable and improved production of anti-inflammatory compounds [ 24 ].…”

“…Five lines of the hairy roots had the potential to produce scopoletin and sphaeralcic acid, both accumulated in the cells and excreted to the culture medium. The anti-inflammatory compound production was achieved over 2 years; subsequently, this biotechnological system was proposed to scale up, projecting its commercial production [ 24 ]. The SaTR N7.2 line presented the highest sphaeralcic acid production (17.60 ± 1.72 mg/g); this production was 440-fold superior to that reported in S. angustifolia wild plants, and it was 263-fold higher than the cells in the suspension of S. angustifolia cultivated in MS medium with nitrate restriction in flasks, and 5-fold higher when it was cultivated in a stirred-tank type bioreactor.…”