Anti-Inflammatory and Oral Toxicity Assessment of R-38tm: A Traditional Herbal Supplement for Arthritis

Abstract

R-38TM is a traditional herbal supplement for treating arthritis-related conditions. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis was performed for identification and quantification of rosmarinic acid in the R-38TM water extract. The anti-arthritic potential of the R-38TM water extract was investigated by measuring the production of IL-6 and TNF-α in inflamed cells. Xanthine oxidase (XO) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibition assays were also conducted. The cytotoxic effect of R-38TM water extract was investigated on HSF1184 cell line. Acute and subacute oral toxicity studies were conducted on female Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats. The rosmarinic acid was identified at 1.208 min (3.61 %w/w). The inflamed cells showed a decrease in the production of IL-6 (55.9%) and TNF-α (52.13%). The COX-2 and XO enzymes were moderately inhibited by R-38TM water extract. The cytotoxicity analysis showed no cytotoxic effect on the cell. The acute and subacute oral toxicity studies revealed no mortality and normal body weight at all doses. There were no significant differences (p > 0.05) in organ weight, hematological and biochemical parameters, and histology of liver and kidneys with the control group. In conclusion, R-38TM water extract exhibited no toxic effect orally and may possess potential therapeutic properties against pro-inflammatory diseases including arthritis.

In vitro and In vivo Assessments on Nutraceutical and Safety of Herb-Fruit Based Drink on Female Wistar Rats

“…ALLURA TM exhibited potent anti-elastase activity and this anti-elastase activity could be attributed to the presence of phytochemical compounds as reported in previous studies wherein phytochemical compounds exhibited significant elastase inhibitory properties. 31 Meanwhile, for the whitening effect, the inhibitory activity of ALLURA™ was determined against tyrosinase, an enzyme that is responsible for melanin synthesis. It is well known that tyrosinase plays a critical role in catalyzing the melanogenic pathway since it promotes the production of reactive metabolites in the process of melanin formation.…”