Anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory activities of rifamycin SV

Rosette, Caridad; Buendia-Laysa, Fernando; Patkar, Seema; Moro, Luigi; Celasco, G.; Bozzella, Roberta; Ajani, Mauro; Gerloni, Mara

doi:10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2013.04.020

Cited by 17 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Other experimental studies have shown that IL-10 is a protective factor against LPSinduced fatty liver disease [42]. Recent in-vitro studies have shown that both rifaximin and rifamycin SV (a broad-spectrum semisynthetic antimicrobial agent of the rifamycin group) exert anti-inflammatory activities in cultured human macrophages and colonic epithelial cells by inhibiting the expressions of IL-6 and TNF-α [43]. Surprisingly, we found that IL-10 levels were decreased in patients with NASH after treatment with rifaximin in the study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficacy of rifaximin on circulating endotoxins and cytokines in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease

Gangarapu

İnce²,

Baysal³

et al. 2015

European Journal of Gastroenterology & Hepatology

129

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficacy of rifaximin on circulating endotoxins and cytokines in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease

Gangarapu

İnce²,

Baysal³

et al. 2015

European Journal of Gastroenterology & Hepatology

129

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“…21 Rifaximin and rifamycin SV have been shown to affect epithelial cell physiology, induce changes in bacterial attachment/internalization, and reduce inflammatory cytokine release. 11,12,20,22,23 These factors may all reduce pathogen virulence and contribute to clinical improvements at time points when the pathogen can still be detected in the stools. If bactericidal effects alone explained the clinical response we would have expected efficient eradication of the pathogens from the gut lumen.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Rifamycin SV has been shown to inhibit inflammatory cytokine release in a number of cell culture preparations including colonic epithelial cell lines and CD4 T-cells. 11,12 The anti-inflammatory actions of rifamycin SV combined with its antibiotic properties suggest that investigation of RIF-MMX is also warranted for gastrointestinal disorders such as inflammatory bowel disease, irritable bowel syndrome, and diverticular disease.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…9 In vitro, rifamycin SV is effective against the bacterial pathogens which most frequently cause TD and against Clostridium difficile. 10 In addition to its bactericidal activity, anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory activities of rifamycin SV have been demonstrated using in vitro and in vivo models 11,12 and rifamycin SV has been used successfully to treat rheumatoid arthritis, suggesting that nonbactericidal actions may contribute to its clinical benefits. 13 Here we report on the efficacy and safety of RIF-MMX for treatment of TD from a randomized, placebo-controlled phase 3 study conducted in travelers to Latin America.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Targeting of Rifamycin SV to the Colon for Treatment of Travelers' Diarrhea: A Randomized, Double‐Blind, Placebo‐Controlled Phase 3 Study

DuPont¹,

Petersen²,

Zhao

et al. 2014

J Travel Med

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Background. Rifamycin SV is under development for treatment of travelers' diarrhea (TD) in a new oral formulation, Rifamycin SV MMX ® (RIF-MMX; Santarus Inc., San Diego, CA, USA), which targets its delivery to the colon, making it a unique rifamycin drug. Methods. This was a randomized, double-blind, phase 3 study of adult travelers to Mexico or Guatemala experiencing acute diarrhea. A total of 264 patients received RIF-MMX (2 × 200 mg twice daily for 3 days, n = 199) or placebo (n = 65) in a 3 : 1 ratio. The primary endpoint was the length of time between the administration of first dose of study drug and passage of the last unformed stool (TLUS; after which clinical cure was declared). Other endpoints included eradication of pathogens from the stools, pathogen minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), and adverse events (AEs). Results. TLUS was significantly shorter in the RIF-MMX group (median: 46.0 hours) compared with placebo (median: 68.0 hours; p = 0.0008) and a larger percentage of RIF-MMX treated patients (81.4%) achieved clinical cure compared with placebo patients (56.9%). TLUS was significantly shorter in the subgroups of patients with enteroaggregative, enterotoxigenic, or diffusely adherent Escherichia coli infections (p = 0.0035) with nonsignificant activity against invasive bacteria (p = 0.3804). Overall pathogen eradication rates were numerically higher in the RIF-MMX group (67.0%) compared with placebo (54.8%) but the difference did not reach significance (p = 0.0836). In vitro resistance to rifamycin SV was observed in some bacteria remaining after treatment of patients with RIF-MMX but was not associated with lower efficacy in them. AEs appeared to be more frequent with placebo (38.5%) than with RIF-MMX (29.6%). Conclusions. RIF-MMX shortened the duration of TD in patients with a broad range of pathogens and was well tolerated. The unique pharmacokinetic properties of the drug offer evidence that TD pathogens work at the level of the colon.

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“…Rifamycins are used for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis 24 or chronic arthritis by direct intra-articular injection. 25 Anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects have been shown to inhibit cytokine and chemokine synthesis by Rosetta et al 24 The advantages of our study are positive effects on bone formation and, stimulating effects on BMP-2 release with other beneficial properties of rifamycin. Doxicyclin, gentamycin, and rifamycin have shown enhanced bone formation.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Local Rifamycin Application on Expression of BMP-2 and Bone Regeneration

Ün¹,

Özeç²,

Taşdemir³

et al. 2017

Cumhuriyet Dental Journal

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Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate effect of local rifamycin application on BMP-2 expression and bone healing.Materials and Methods: A standardized 5.0-mm-diameter critical size bone defect was created mandible angulus region. In the control group (8 rats) defects were left empty. In the Group 1 (n=8 rats) defect was irrigated with rifamycin solution and 25 mg rifamycin solution injected defect area at 1, 3, 7 days after surgery. In the group 2 (n=8 rats) defects were grafted with a gelatin sponge mixed 25 mg rifamycin solution. Rats were sacrificed at 21 days after surgery. Histological slides were prepared from defect site for both immunohistochemical analysis (bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) antibody) and histomorphometric analysis. Data were analyzed using Mann Whitney U and Kruskall Wallis test.

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Anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory activities of rifamycin SV

Cited by 17 publications

References 14 publications

Efficacy of rifaximin on circulating endotoxins and cytokines in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease

Efficacy of rifaximin on circulating endotoxins and cytokines in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease

Targeting of Rifamycin SV to the Colon for Treatment of Travelers' Diarrhea: A Randomized, Double‐Blind, Placebo‐Controlled Phase 3 Study

Effect of Local Rifamycin Application on Expression of BMP-2 and Bone Regeneration

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