Anti-inflammatory and antioxidant potential, in vivo toxicity, and polyphenolic composition of Eugenia selloi B.D.Jacks. (pitangatuba), a Brazilian native fruit

Abstract

Brazilian native fruits are a rich source of polyphenolic compounds that can act as antiinflammatory and antioxidant agents. Here, we determined the polyphenolic composition, anti-inflammatory mechanism of action, antioxidant activity and systemic toxicity in Galleria mellonella larvae of Eugenia selloi B.D.Jacks. (synonym Eugenia neonitida Sobral) extract (Ese) and its polyphenol-rich fraction (F3) obtained through bioassay-guided fractionation. Phenolic compounds present in Ese and F3 were identified by LC-ESI-QTOF-MS. The anti-inflammatory activity of Ese and F3 was tested in vitro and in vivo through NF-κB activation, cytokine release and neutrophil migration assays. The samples were tested for their effects against reactive species (ROO•, O2•-, HOCl and NO•) and for their toxicity in Galleria mellonella larvae model. The presence of hydroxybenzoic acid, ellagitannins and flavonoids was identified. Ese and F3 reduced NF-κB activation, cytokine release and neutrophil migration, with F3 being threefold more potent. Overall, F3 exhibited strong antioxidant effects against biologically relevant radicals, and neither Ese nor F3 were toxic to G. mellonella larvae. In conclusion, Ese and F3 revealed the presence of phenolic compounds that decreased the inflammatory parameters evaluated and inhibited reactive oxygen/nitrogen species. E. selloi is a novel source of bioactive compounds that may provide benefits for human health.

The phytoactive constituents of Eugenia selloi B.D. Jacks (pitangatuba): Toxicity and elucidation of their anti-inflammatory mechanism(s) of action

“…The S8 subfraction is obtained through chemical fractionation of Eugenia selloi pulp extract. The chemical composition of the pulp extract and its fraction is published elsewhere ( Lazarini et al, 2020 ). Bioactive fraction named F3 was submitted to subfractionation for chemical and biological refinement purposes.…”

Bioactives of Melipona rufiventris Propolis: Exploring its Antimicrobial, Anti‐Inflammatory, and Antioxidant Activities

“…The acute toxicity of the EEP was determined in a G. mellonella L. model to provide preliminary evidence on the potentially toxic effects of the extract [67] . The larvae were maintained at 37 °C in a BOD incubator until use.…”

“…The acute toxicity of the EEP was determined in a G. mellonella L. model to provide preliminary evidence on the potentially toxic effects of the extract. [67] The larvae were maintained at 37 °C in a BOD incubator until use. Larvae with no signs of melanization, weighing 200 to 300 mg, were randomly selected for each group (n = 8).…”

Essential oil from the leaves of Eugenia pohliana DC. (Myrtaceae) alleviate nociception and acute inflammation in mice

“…Lazarini et al (2020) showed that oral treatment with ethanolic extract of E. selloi fruits promoted a decrease in neutrophils by 58% and 70% at concentrations of 3 and 10 mg/kg, respectively. A methanolic extract of E. uni ora leaves (100 mg/kg) reduced the number of leukocytes to 4.84 ± 1.97 x 106 mL compared to untreated animals (10.04 ± 2.64 × 106 mL)(Sobeh et al 2019).…”