Anti-inflammatory and anti-Candida Effects of Brazilian Organic Propolis, a Promising Source of Bioactive Molecules and Functional Food

Abstract

Brazilian organic propolis (BOP) is an unexplored Brazilian propolis that is produced organically and certified according to international legislation. Our results showed that BOP has strong anti-inflammatory effects and acts by reducing nuclear factor κB activation, tumor necrosis factor α release, and neutrophil migration. In addition, BOP6 exhibited antifungal activity on planktonic and biofilm cultures of Candida albicans, Candida glabrata, Candida tropicalis, Candida krusei, and Candida parapsisolis and reduced in vitro yeast cell adhesion to human keratinocytes at sub-inhibitory concentrations. BOP demonstrated significantly low toxicity in Galleria melonella larvae at antifungal doses. Lastly, a chemical analysis revealed the presence of caffeoyltartaric acid, 3,4-dicaffeoylquinic acid, quercetin, and gibberellins A7, A9, and A20, which may be responsible for the biological properties observed. Thus, our data indicate that BOP is a promising source of anti-inflammatory and antifungal molecules that may be used as a functional food.

Mechanistic Understanding of Candida albicans Biofilm Formation and Approaches for Its Inhibition

“…The Unexplored Brazilian Organic Propolis -BOP6 crude extract was characterized as an anti-inflammatory and antibiofilm agent. It reduces the mortality rate by 30% in C. albicans infected sample with MIC ranging from 50 to 100 µg/mL while in combination with Amphotericin B, it decreases to 0.25 to 1.0 µg/mL (Nani et al, 2019). Through library screening with the information regarding fungal extract, it was revealed that Bionectria ochroleuca, an endophytic fungus.…”

“…In another study, when gold nanoparticles (Au-NP) were tested on the biofilms formed due to C. albicans, these particles showed robust inhibitory activity. Additionally, these Au-NPs increased the host immune response activity against these pathogenic organisms (Yu et al, 2016;Nani et al, 2019). From previous studies, chitostan and its nanoparticle (ChNPs) were already known for their antifungal property (Ing et al, 2012;Mohammed et al, 2017;Gondim et al, 2018).…”

Digestão >i<in vitro>/i< e transporte de polifenóis de própolis orgânica do Sul do Brasil por mmeio de células humanas Caco-2

“…Esta própolis, pouco estudada, tem chamado a atenção devido a seu sabor suave e fortes atividades biológicas, tais como antioxidante, anti-inflamatória e antimicrobiana (TIVERON et al, 2016). Estudos com as própolis orgânicas do sul do país mostraram a existência de 7 perfis cromatográficos distintos (PO1-PO7) (TIVERON et al, 2016), e uma grande diversidade de fitoquímicos (NANI et al, 2020). Devido à grande variedade de plantas no ambiente em que as colmeias estão inseridas, a origem botânica dessas própolis ainda é pouco conhecida (TIVERON et al, 2020).…”

“…Estudos têm sido feitos para a determinação da dose letal que mata 50% dos organismos (DL 50 ) de extratos de frutas e própolis, o que possibilita a extrapolação dos resultados obtidos para valores em humanos (DA CUNHA et al, 2020;LAZARINI et al, 2018;NANI et al, 2020;SOARES et al, 2019). Deste modo, a adoção do modelo experimental com G. mellonella tem se mostrado promissor para ensaios in vivo que resultem em dados relevantes para as pesquisas de toxicidade de alimentos.…”

“…Em um estudo com a própolis orgânica do tipo 6, Nani et al( 2020) encontraram valores de doses sem toxicidade aparente (100% de sobrevivência em 60 horas), equivalentes à 3g/kg, utilizando o mesmo modelo de G. mellonella. Portanto, a própolis orgânica do tipo 1 apresenta maior toxicidade quando comparada a própolis orgânica do tipo 6.…”