Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Triterpenes Isolated fromProtium paniculatumOil-Resins

Abstract

Protium is the main genus of the Burseraceae family and one of the most common genera in South America, with an important species called “breu.” Gum and oil-resins of this species are used as tonic and stimulant and for the treatment of ulcers and inflammation. The present study aims to isolate and investigate the anti-inflammatory activity of triterpene compounds isolated from oil-resin of Protium paniculatum. The pentacyclic triterpenes α,β-amyrin, acetylated α,β-amyrin, α,β-amyrone, and brein/maniladiol did not alter the viability of murine J774 macrophages (IC50 > 20 µg/mL), with the exception of mixture of brein/maniladiol which showed moderate cytotoxic activity. Also it was observed that compounds at 10 µg/mL inhibited more than 80% of production of NO•, although only α,β-amyrin was able to inhibit the production of TNF-α (52.03 ± 2.4%). The compounds inhibited the production of IL-6 and induced the production of IL-10 in murine J774 macrophages stimulated by LPS. α,β-Amyrone inhibited the expression of COX-2 and also inhibited the formation of paw or ear edema in rats and mice, having a quick and immediate effect. This study may provide the basis for future investigations on the therapeutic role of α,β-amyrone in treating inflammation.

Inhibitory Effect of Supercritical Extracts from Arctium lappa L. on the Lectin Pathway of the Complement System

“…Likewise, the commercial phytol inhibited the inflammatory response reducing cytokine production and oxidative stress in a mouse model of paw edema . Finally, α ‐amyrin isolated from oil resin of Protium paniculatum reduced the production of NO and inhibited the production of TNF‐ α , IL‐6 and IL‐10 in murine macrophages stimulated by LPS …”

UPLC‐ESI‐QTOF‐MS2 characterisation of Cola nitida resin fractions with inhibitory effects on NO and TNF‐α released by LPS‐activated J774 macrophage and on Trypanosoma cruzi and Leishmania amazonensis

“…The prepared triterpenes were not enough to be evaluated for their anti‐inflammatory activity and compared their effects to those of the fractions. However, previous studies on anti‐inflammatory effects of α‐amyrin, α‐amyrone, 11‐oxo‐α‐amyrone, and 11‐oxo‐α‐amyrin reported the ability of these metabolites to reduce the level of NO and TNF‐α production …”

“…However, previous studies on anti-inflammatory effects of α-amyrin, α-amyrone, 11-oxo-α-amyrone, and 11-oxo-α-amyrin reported the ability of these metabolites to reduce the level of NO and TNF-α production. [24][25][26]…”

Chemical constituents of Pseudobrickellia brasiliensis leaves(Spreng.) R.M. King & H. Rob. (Asteraceae)

“…Some terpenoids of P. brasiliensis may be responsible for its antiinflammatory activity, such as kaurenoic acid and the triterpenes lupeol, α-amyrin, β-amyrin, and taraxasterol, which are identified in this study. This is possible because the anti-inflammatory activity has been reported for these triterpenes (Almeida et al, 2015;Piao et al, 2015;Zhu et al, 2016) and for the diterpene acid (Lima Silva et al, 2015). Furthermore, α-pinene, β-pinene, myrcene, p-cymene, limonene and E-caryophyllene, among others present in the essential oil, are known for their anti-inflammatory activity, which may contribute to the use of the plant in popular medicine (Bonjardim et al, 2012;Woguem et al, 2014;Rufino et al, 2015).…”